The incidence and trend of cancers in China_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

FAN Yihao ¹ , ZHOU Yiqian ² , YANG Yudan ³ ,  MAO Yingying ³ ,  LI Jiayu ³

1. School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, P. R. China;
2. The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, P. R. China;
3. School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

MAO Yingying, Email: myy@zcmu.edu.cn; LI Jiayu, Email: ljy@zcmu.edu.cn

Keywords：

malignant tumor; incidence rate; epidemiological trend; China

DOI：

10.7507/1007-9424.202503095

Video：

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Objective To summary the incidence rate and trends of malignant tumor in China. Methods By compiling and analyzing the Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report from 2008 to 2021, we summarized the regional and population distribution characteristics of overall and high-incidence rate malignant tumors in China and analyzed influencing factors. Results From 2005 to 2018, the overall crude incidence of malignant tumors in China showed a continuous upward trend. The incidence rate in the eastern region (incidence rate was 353.26/100 000 in 2018; hereafter the same) was significantly higher than those in the central (269.47/100 000) and western regions (253.71/100 000), while the incidence rates in the central and western regions were closer. 2005–2018, the incidence rate of males was higher than that of females, and the population aged 80 years old or older (2 741.02/100 000) had the highest incidence rate of malignant tumors, and the incidence rate of people aged 0–14 years (41.38/100 000) was the lowest. From 2005–2018 (except for 2009), lung cancer (65.05/100 000), gastric cancer (27.03/100 000), liver cancer (27.42/100 000), colorectal cancer (30.51/100 000), and breast cancer (43.02/100 000) were the top 5 highest incidence rates of China’s malignant tumors, of which lung cancer ranked the first in different regions, and the ranking of other cancers varied in different regions. The top 5 tumors in males incidence rate from 2005 to 2018 were lung cancer (83.45/100 000), gastric cancer (37.12/100 000), liver cancer (40.02/100 000), colorectal cancer (35.32/100 000) and esophageal cancer (26.30/100,000); the top 5 tumors in females incidence rate had changed a lot in different years, breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, thyroid cancer and cervical cancer had all been in the top 5, for example, in 2018, the top 5 malignant tumors in females were lung cancer (46.10/100 000), breast cancer (43.02/100 000), colorectal cancer (25.56/100 000), thyroid cancer (24.60/100 000) and cervical cancer (18.10/100 000). Conclusions The crude incidence rate of malignant tumors in China continues to rise, with the cancer spectrum showing new characteristics that combine high-incidence rate cancers in developed countries (e.g., breast cancer, colorectal cancer) with common cancers in developing countries (e.g., gastric cancer, liver cancer). The situation of malignant tumor prevention and control remains challenging.

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11.	余海凤. 健康中国视域下我国成人超重肥胖的成因与防治对策研究//陕西省体育科学学会, 陕西省学生体育协会. 第二届陕西省体育科学大会论文摘要集 (专题九). 哈尔滨体育学院, 2024: 146-151.
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13.	Sung H, Siegel RL, Torre LA, et al. Global patterns in excess body weight and the associated cancer burden. CA Cancer J Clin, 2019, 69(2): 88-112.
14.	卫佳慧, 赵优冬, 张桓伟, 等. 结直肠癌非遗传危险因素研究进展. 海军军医大学学报, 2025, 46(1): 32-39.
15.	马学莹, 李娜, 赵航, 等. 1990年和2021年中国结直肠癌发病和死亡分析及其危险因素研究. 实用肿瘤杂志, 2025, 40(2): 114-119.
16.	吴菲, 林国桢, 张晋昕. 我国恶性肿瘤发病现状及趋势. 中国肿瘤, 2012, 21(2): 81-85.
17.	颜佳颖, 吴梦吟, 顾凯, 等. 1973–2017年上海市女性乳腺癌发病及死亡长期趋势变化分析. 肿瘤, 2023, 43(4): 316-324.
18.	中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会医政医管局. 原发性肝癌诊疗规范 (2019年版). 中国实用外科杂志, 2020, 40(2): 121-138.
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20.	王巨威, 王静, 马丽君, 等. 基于JoinPoint回归模型的2000–2019年我国肝癌发病与死亡变化趋势. 中国癌症防治杂志, 2024, 16(2): 180-185.
21.	Yan S, Gan Y, Song X, et al. Association between refrigerator use and the risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS One, 2018, 13(8): e0203120.
22.	董军令, 杨惠, 李娜. 1992–2021年中国居民胃癌发病率变化趋势分析. 中国癌症防治杂志, 2024, 16(5): 593-597.
23.	刘言玉, 赵连梅, 贺宇彤, 等. 河北省上消化道恶性肿瘤病因研究及预防. 中国肿瘤, 2023, 32(6): 431-435.
24.	熊洁, 段志财, 左怀全. 中美乳腺癌流行病学特征对比及防控策略分析. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2024, 31(1): 50-55.
25.	马运, 袁浩冉, 胡昊, 等. 1990–2019年中国归因于烟草的肺癌疾病负担变化趋势分析. 现代预防医学, 2024, 51(8): 1345-1351.
26.	周骏马, 王沙. 结直肠癌的三级预防研究进展. 海南医学, 2023, 34(10): 1509-1513.
27.	陈万青, 崔富强, 樊春笋, 等. 中国肝癌一级预防专家共识 (2018). 临床肝胆病杂志, 2018, 34(10): 2090-2097.

1. Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin, 2024, 74(3): 229-263.
2. 郑荣寿, 陈茹, 韩冰峰, 等. 2022年中国恶性肿瘤流行情况分析. 中华肿瘤杂志, 2024, 46(3): 221-231.
3. 王宝华. 中国恶性肿瘤及危险因素流行病学调查回顾与展望. 环境卫生学杂志, 2024, 14(10): 793-801.
4. 王少明, 郑荣寿, 韩冰峰, 等. 2022年中国人群恶性肿瘤发病与死亡年龄特征分析. 中国肿瘤, 2024, 33(3): 165-174.
5. 民政部, 全国老龄办. 2023年度国家老龄事业发展公报. 北京: 民政部, (2024-10-11) [2025-02-11]. https://www.mca.gov.cn/n152/n165/c1662004999980001752/content.html.
6. 孙可欣, 郑荣寿, 张思维, 等. 2015年中国分地区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析. 中国肿瘤, 2019, 28(1): 1-11.
7. 李振权, 黄腾波. 广东省鼻咽癌的流行病学及其发病特点. 癌症, 1983(1): 56-60.
8. 张思维, 郑荣寿, 孙可欣, 等. 2016年中国恶性肿瘤分地区发病和死亡估计: 基于人群的肿瘤登记数据分析. 中国肿瘤, 2023, 32(5): 321-332.
9. 陶梦梦, 田纬, 李坤坤, 等. 中国分地区人口死因状况及去死因期望寿命分析. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2024, 28(3): 256-261,268.
10. 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 中国吸烟危害健康报告. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2021.
11. 余海凤. 健康中国视域下我国成人超重肥胖的成因与防治对策研究//陕西省体育科学学会, 陕西省学生体育协会. 第二届陕西省体育科学大会论文摘要集 (专题九). 哈尔滨体育学院, 2024: 146-151.
12. Ding X, Billari FC, Gietel-Basten S. Health of midlife and older adults in China: the role of regional economic development, inequality, and institutional setting. Int J Public Health, 2017, 62(8): 857-867.
13. Sung H, Siegel RL, Torre LA, et al. Global patterns in excess body weight and the associated cancer burden. CA Cancer J Clin, 2019, 69(2): 88-112.
14. 卫佳慧, 赵优冬, 张桓伟, 等. 结直肠癌非遗传危险因素研究进展. 海军军医大学学报, 2025, 46(1): 32-39.
15. 马学莹, 李娜, 赵航, 等. 1990年和2021年中国结直肠癌发病和死亡分析及其危险因素研究. 实用肿瘤杂志, 2025, 40(2): 114-119.
16. 吴菲, 林国桢, 张晋昕. 我国恶性肿瘤发病现状及趋势. 中国肿瘤, 2012, 21(2): 81-85.
17. 颜佳颖, 吴梦吟, 顾凯, 等. 1973–2017年上海市女性乳腺癌发病及死亡长期趋势变化分析. 肿瘤, 2023, 43(4): 316-324.
18. 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会医政医管局. 原发性肝癌诊疗规范 (2019年版). 中国实用外科杂志, 2020, 40(2): 121-138.
19. 陈金东. 中国各类癌症的发病率和死亡率现状及发展趋势. 遵义医学院学报, 2018, 41(6): 653-662.
20. 王巨威, 王静, 马丽君, 等. 基于JoinPoint回归模型的2000–2019年我国肝癌发病与死亡变化趋势. 中国癌症防治杂志, 2024, 16(2): 180-185.
21. Yan S, Gan Y, Song X, et al. Association between refrigerator use and the risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS One, 2018, 13(8): e0203120.
22. 董军令, 杨惠, 李娜. 1992–2021年中国居民胃癌发病率变化趋势分析. 中国癌症防治杂志, 2024, 16(5): 593-597.
23. 刘言玉, 赵连梅, 贺宇彤, 等. 河北省上消化道恶性肿瘤病因研究及预防. 中国肿瘤, 2023, 32(6): 431-435.
24. 熊洁, 段志财, 左怀全. 中美乳腺癌流行病学特征对比及防控策略分析. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2024, 31(1): 50-55.
25. 马运, 袁浩冉, 胡昊, 等. 1990–2019年中国归因于烟草的肺癌疾病负担变化趋势分析. 现代预防医学, 2024, 51(8): 1345-1351.
26. 周骏马, 王沙. 结直肠癌的三级预防研究进展. 海南医学, 2023, 34(10): 1509-1513.
27. 陈万青, 崔富强, 樊春笋, 等. 中国肝癌一级预防专家共识 (2018). 临床肝胆病杂志, 2018, 34(10): 2090-2097.

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