ObjectiveTo review the imaging evaluation, treatment progress, and controversy related to developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in adolescents and adults. Methods The domestic and abroad hot issues related to adolescents and adults with DDH in recent years, including new imaging techniques for assessing cartilage, controversies over the diagnosis and treatment of borderline DDH (BDDH), and the improvement and prospect of peracetabular osteotomy (PAO) were summarized and analyzed. ResultsDDH is one of the main factors leading to hip osteoarthritis. As the understanding of the pathological changes of DDH continues to deepen, the use of delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage can further evaluate the progress of osteoarthritis and predict the prognosis after hip preservation. There are still controversies about the diagnosis and treatment of BDDH. At the same time, PAO technology and concepts are still being improved. ConclusionCartilage injury and bony structure determine the choice of surgical methods and postoperative prognosis of hip preservation surgery. The hip preservation of adolescent and adult DDH patients will move towards the goal of individualization and accuracy.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the common chronic airway disorders, which accounts for the third to fourth cause of death worldwide. Recently, the focuses of researches are on the multi-factorial risks for development of COPD, mechanisms related to COPD development, early detection and early intervention of COPD, individualized use of long-term maintenance medications as well as phenotypes of acute exacerbation of COPD and their corresponding management. There are huge amount of COPD patients with variety of risk factors or different phenotypes in China, which makes it possible to establish a network for cohort study or real life registration study of COPD. The results will provide new information on the characteristics of COPD in China. Individualized treatment could be recommended according to the phenotypes or endotypes information. All these new findings or progresses could provide impetus for improvement of the ability of research and clinical management of COPD to the worldwide top level.
ObjectiveTo explore the application value of multidisciplinary collaborative team (MDT) model in retroperitoneal tumors involving large vessels.MethodsThree cases of retroperitoneal tumors involving great vessels admitted to Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University in 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. With the support of 3D visual reconstruction and virtual reality (VR) technology, we performed MDT discussion and three cases received treatment of surgery, intervention, and targeted therapy.ResultsCase 1 was discussed by MDT and concluded that, based on CT examination, 3D reconstruction, and VR virtual image results, the tumor on the right side was determined to be completely resectable. The left tumor was judged to be unresectable, and the proposed treatment plan was right metastatic tumor resection + left metastatic tumor radiofrequency ablation. After surgery case 1 had been followed up for 6 months. The symptoms of diarrhea were significantly improved. CT reexamination showed that liver lesions and left retroperitoneal lesions were the same size and the condition was stable. After discussion by MDT, radiofrequency ablation around the tumor was proposed for case 2. This case was followed up for 3 months after surgery, and CT reexamination showed no new lesion in retroperitoneum. After MDT discussion, we concluded that arteriovenous fistula of case 3 had no indications for surgery, and proposed interventional combined with targeted therapy. After treatment, the tumor was found to be smaller after reexamination in 8 months than before treatment, and the efficacy was evaluated as partial remission. The follow-up was continued.ConclusionThe future development trend of retroperitoneal tumor therapy involving great vessels is to evaluate each patient’s condition under the MDT mode by using 3D visual reconstruction and VR technology, and to formulate the individualized treatment plan of operation combined with other treatments.
ObjectiveTo investigate diagnosis and treatment of rupture of pancreatic cystic disease. MethodThe clinical data of 20 patients who were diagnosed as pancreatic cystic disease combined with rupture in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from June 2011 to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Results① For the 5 patients with pancreatic cystic tumor, 3 patients of them received distal pancreatectomy and 2 patients of them received Whipple procedure. For the 15 patients with pancreatic pseudocyst, 2 patients received ultrasound-guided cyst puncture and drainage, 2 patients received endoscopic retrograde pancreatic drainage (ERPD), 2 patients received ERPD plus ultrasound-guided cyst puncture and drainage, 1 patient received pancreatic external drainage, 3 patients received pancreatic cyst-gastric anastomosis, 5 patients received pancreatic cyst-jejunal Roux-en-Y anastomosis. ② Pancreatic fistula occurred in 3 patients (Grade A 2 cases, Grade B 1 case), delayed gastric emptying was found in 1 patient, peritoneal effusion occurred in 1 patient. ③ Eighteen of them were followed up from 3 to 60 months with an average 25.6 months, 2 patients recurred and non-surgical treatments were taken. ConclusionsHow to correctly identify pancreatic cystic tumor with pancreatic pseudocyst is premise of treatment. Pancreatic cystic disease combined with rupture requires urgent therapy. Based on clinical manifestations, optimal selection might achieve a better prognosis.
目的 探讨布-加综合征的个体化治疗。 方法 我们对首都医科大学附属复兴医院及宣武医院、二炮总医院及其他医院2004年2月至2009年5月期间会诊收治的20例布-加综合征患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 20例患者中术后24 h死亡1例（5.0%），死于DIC； 19例顺利出院。19例患者术后均获随访，随访时间（34.7±3.3）个月，其中恢复良好者占73.7%（14/19）； 1例（5.3%）行肠-腔-颈转流术者，术后间断出现肝性脑病，短期住院治疗后可以改善； 术后18个月1例（5.3%）行肠-腔转流术者因全身脏器衰竭死亡。结论 个体化手术治疗方案可明显提高布-加综合征患者的生存率。
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of multiple minimally invasive therapy and individualized treatments combination in severe acute pancreatitis. Methods The data of sixty-seven patients with severe acute pancreatitis between September 1998 and October 2008 undergoing multiple minimally invasive therapy and individualized treatments were analyzed retrospectively. The changes of APACHE Ⅱ score, CT score, WBC count, total bilirubin, AST, blood glucose, amylase, lypase, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) were observed and compared between before and after treatment. Time of abdominal pain relieved, laparotomy rate, mortality rate, recovery rate, hospital stay, and cost of hospitalization were also observed. Results All the detected indexes improved significantly after treatments compared with those before treatments （Plt;0.001）. Time of abdominal pain relieved was (20.17±14.16) h. Laparotomy rate was 6.0% （4/67）. Mortality rate was 7.5% （5/67）. Recovery rate was 92.5% （62/67）. Hospital stay was (30.85±28.37) d and cost of hospitalization was (59 295.78±34 564.44) yuan. Conclusions Multiple minimally invasive therapy and individualized treatments for cases of severe acute pancreatitis with different causes, course, severity of disease, and complications, could significantly improve the clinical indexes and recovery rate of severe acute pancreatitis.
ObjectiveTo summarize the experience in the treatment of anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic D2 radical gastrectomy.MethodThe clinicopathologic data of 11 patients with anastomotic leakage after the laparoscopic D2 radical gastrectomy in the Nanchong Central Hospital from May 2016 to January 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsAmong the 11 patients with anastomotic leakage, 3 were grade Ⅱ leakages and 8 were grade Ⅲa leakages. There were no symptoms in the 3 cases of anastomotic leakage, which were confirmed only by the gastrointestinal radiography and were healed after 7 d of conservative treatment. Among the 8 patients with the clinical symptoms, 5 cases were treated by the endoscopic drainage and negative pressure suction for 60–90 d, 3 cases were treated by the endoscopic covered stent, 2 cases were cured after 30–60 d, and 1 case died of massive bleeding after 45 d.ConclusionsDue to differences of location, time, limitation, and size of anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic D2 radical gastrectomy, individualized treatment should be performed according to specific situation of patients in local treatment. Endoluminal covered stent has certain clinical application value.