Objective To study the efficiency of percutaneous acetic acid injection (PAI) or percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) in the treatment of primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC). Methods Seventeen and 24 patients with PHC were treated, respectively by PAI or by PEI in our hospital. According to hepatic function test, soluble intereukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), AFP, biopsy and size of tumor, the evaluation was made.Results Effective rate was 88.2% in PAI group and 87.5% in PEI group, respectively. There was no obvious influence to sIL-2R in serum in the two groups (Ｐ＞0.05). Obvious differences in impairment of hepatic functions between PAI and PEI groups were found (Ｐ＜0.01), it also showed that smaller amounts of acetic acid and less puncture frequency were required for the treatment than that of ethanol. Conclusion PAI is superior to PEI in the treatment of those patients who are complicated with cirrhosis or other vital disease.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of the chitosan-poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) double-walled microspheres for sustained release of bioactive nerve growth factor (NGF) in vitro.MethodsNGF loaded chitosan-PLGA double-walled microspheres were prepared by emulsion-ionic method with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as an ionic cross-linker. The double-walled microspheres were cross-linked by different concentrations of TPP [1%, 3%, 10% (W/V)]. NGF loaded PLGA microspheres were also prepared. The outer and inner structures of double-walled microspheres were observed by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, respectively. The size and distribution of microspheres and fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FT-IR) were analyzed. PLGA microspheres with NGF or chitosan-PLGA double-walled microspheres cross-linked by 1%, 3%, and 10%TPP concentration (set as groups A, B, C, and D respectively) were used to determine the degradation ratio of microspheres in vitro and the sustained release ratio of NGF in microspheres at different time points. The bioactivity of NGF (expressed as the percentage of PC12 cells with positive axonal elongation reaction) in the sustained release solution of chitosan-PLGA double-walled microspheres without NGF (set as group A1) was compared in groups B, C, and D.ResultsThe chitosan-PLGA double-walled microspheres showed relative rough and spherical surfaces without aggregation. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed PLGA microspheres were evenly uniformly distributed in the chitosan-PLGA double-walled microspheres. The particle size of microspheres ranged from 18.5 to 42.7 μm. The results of FT-IR analysis showed ionic interaction between amino groups and phosphoric groups of chitosan in double-walled microspheres and TPP. In vitro degradation ratio analysis showed that the degradation ratio of double-walled microspheres in groups B, C, and D appeared faster in contrast to that in group A. In addition, the degradation ratio of double-walled microsphere in groups B, C, and D decreased when the TPP concentration increased. There were significant differences in the degradation ratio of each group (P<0.05). In vitro sustained release ratio of NGF showed that when compared with PLGA microspheres in group A, double-walled microspheres in groups B, C, and D released NGF at a relatively slow rate, and the sustained release ratio decreased with the increase of TPP concentration. Except for 84 days, there was significant difference in the sustained release ratio of NGF between groups B, C, and D (P<0.05). The bioactivity of NGF results showed that the percentage of PC12 cells with positive axonal elongation reaction in groups B, C, and D was significantly higher than that in group A1 (P<0.05). At 7 and 28 days of culture, there was no significant difference between groups B, C, and D (P>0.05); at 56 and 84 days of culture, the percentage of PC12 cells with positive axonal elongation reaction in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group B (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between groups C and D (P>0.05).ConclusionNGF loaded chitosan-PLGA double-walled microspheres have a potential clinical application in peripheral nerve regeneration after injury.
【摘要】 目的 观察在不同剂量乙醇作用下大鼠下丘脑和脊髓神经细胞P物质的表达情况和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）下神经细胞的形态学变化，探讨乙醇作用下大鼠行为学改变的相关机制。 方法 通过福尔马林实验观察大鼠在不同剂量乙醇及时间作用下行为学的改变；采用免疫组织化学技术检测不同剂量乙醇作用下大鼠脊髓和下丘脑神经细胞中P物质的表达，通过扫描电子显微镜观察神经细胞的形态学变化。 结果 乙醇灌胃后0～2 h大鼠舔足次数有不同程度的变化，组间比较差异有统计学意义（Plt;0.05），灌胃2 h大鼠下丘脑和脊髓P物质表达程度与乙醇剂量有相关关系，扫描电子显微镜下各组大鼠的神经细胞形态学变化显著。 结论 急性乙醇中毒可引起大鼠对疼痛反应的变化，其程度与乙醇剂量和作用时间有关，大鼠下丘脑和脊髓神经细胞中P物质的表达强度与乙醇剂量和作用时间有关。【Abstract】 Objective To observe the expression of substance P(SP)in the hypothalamus and spinal cord nerve cells of rats with different concentrations of ethanol, and to observe the morphological changes of nerve cells by scanning electron microscopic(SEM) for elucidating the mechanism of ethological changes effected with ethanol. Methods Ethological changes were detected through the formalin test; SP expressions in the hypothalamus and the spinal cord were evaluated with immunohistochemistry technology, and the morphological changes of nerve cells were observed by SEM. Results The frequency of licking foot changed when the rats were gavaged with different concentrations of ethanol among zero to two hours, the difference between two groups was statistical signifcant (Plt;0.05). The expression level of SP and the morphological changes of nerve cells in hypothalamus and spinal cord had relationship with the ethanol concentration. Conclusions Acute alcoholism could cause pain dysfunction in rats. The frequency of licking foot of rats is correlated to the role of the time closely. The expression intensity of SP in the hypothalamus and the spinal cord nerve cells are correlated to the concentration of ethanol closely.
Objective To observe the degradation of the polyactic glycolate acid (PLGA) microparticles with releasing-slowly vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) synthesized by the method of emulsification-diffusion. Methods The method of emulsification-diffusion is to incorporate VEGF into microparticles composed of biodegradable PLGA. The controlled release of microparticles are acquired. The content of the VEGF released slowly from PLGA microparticles in vitro was detected with ELISA at different time. Results We synthesized 100 releasing-slowly VEGF PLGA microparticles with the size of 0.20-0.33 μm by 5 times. The contents were 62±11 ng/L, 89±14 ng/L, and 127±19 ng/L in the 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd months after degradation, respectively. Conclusion The PLGAmicroparticles with releasing-slowly VEGF can be synthesized by the method of emulsification-diffusion.
目的 探讨H2受体拮抗剂和质子泵抑制剂（PPI）缓解急性胃黏膜损伤的时效性研究。 方法 对2008年1月－2010年1月在急诊科就诊的98例急性乙醇中毒后胃黏膜损伤患者，随机分为对照组50例，治疗组48例。常规给予休息、保暖，补液，维持水、电解质、酸碱平衡，维持循环功能等治疗基础上，对照组给予H2受体拮抗剂治疗，治疗组给予PPI治疗。通过观察急性胃黏膜损伤患者上消化道症状及体征，记录不同饮酒及饮酒量，并根据患者就诊时间及不同饮酒组治疗后上消化道症状完全缓解时间进行比较。 结果 治疗组上消化道症状缓解所需时间与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001），不同饮酒组上消化道症状缓解时间上差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）。 结论 PPI在缓解急性乙醇中毒所致胃黏膜损伤的时效上更明显，具有临床价值。
ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of phytochemicals in the prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease and its possible clinical application value.MethodThe current literatures about the preventive and therapeutic effects of phytochemicals on alcoholic liver disease at home and abroad were reviewed.ResultsPhyto- chemicals could prevent and treat alcoholic liver disease by reducing inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, and improving lipid metabolism. They had the advantage of multi-targets.ConclusionPhytochemicals play an important role in the prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease, and it also lay a solid foundation for translational medicine.
Liposomes with precisely controlled composition are usually used as membrane model systems to investigate the fundamental interactions of membrane components under well-defined conditions. Hydration method is the most common method for liposome formation which is found to be influenced by composition of the medium. In this paper, the effects of small alcohol (ethanol) on the hydration of lipid molecules and the formation of liposomes were investigated, as well as its coexistence with sodium chloride. It was found that ethanol showed the opposite effect to that of sodium chloride on the hydration of lipid molecules and the formation of liposomes. The presence of ethanol promoted the formation of liposomes within a certain range of ethanol content, but that of sodium chloride suppressed the liposome formation. By investigating the fluorescence intensity and continuity of the swelled membranes as a function of contents of ethanol and sodium chloride, it was found that sodium chloride and ethanol showed the additive effect on the hydration of lipid molecules when they coexisted in the medium. The results may provide some reference for the efficient preparation of liposomes.
Objective To optimize the in vitro culture system of C57/BL6 marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and to investigate the effect of alcohol and acetaldehyde on MSCs. Methods The MSCs were isolated from the femur marrow of C57/BL6 mice and were cultured in the optimized system, so that highlypurified MSCs were harvested and identified by immunohistochemistry. Then, MSCs were cultured in the medium containing alcohol or its metabolic product acetaldehyde, with the following concentration groups: alcohol 5.7，17.0，50.0，100.0 and 150.0 mmol/L; acetaldehyde 4.5, 0.9, 0.18, 0.036, 0.007 2, 0.001 44 , 0.000 28 mmol/L. MSCs were cultured with α-MEM as the control group. After 3 days, their proliferation activity was measured by the MTT method. Results MSCs within 6 passages had a good stability and a high proliferation activity. They were identified to express CD90 but no CD34. The MTT assay showed that alcohol at the concentration greater than 100.0 mmol/L and acetaldehyde at the concentration greater than 4.5 mmol/L could inhibit proliferation of MSCs(P＜0.05) . But the proliferation activity might rise with an increase in the acetaldehyde concentration smaller than 0.18 mmol/L(P＜0.05) . Conclusion Theoptimized culture system can effectively isolate and culture MSCs. Both alcoholand acetaldehyde can inhibit proliferation of MSCs but toxicity of acetaldehydeis more serious.