目的：探讨新生儿先天性肠闭锁患儿在围手术期间的护理措施。方法：分析26例新生儿先天性肠闭锁患儿术前、术后护理措施。结果：本组患儿除1例术后放弃治疗，5例术后因新生儿肺炎转入新生儿科继续治疗外，其余20例均痊愈，平均住院日为10天。结论：对本组患儿通过术前积极保暖，有效的胃肠减压，静脉补液，纠正水、电解质紊乱；术后采取加强气道湿化，胸部物理疗法等措施进行呼吸道管理，严格执行消毒隔离制度，预防感染，合理肠内联合肠外营养支持等护理措施，减少并发症的发生，提高了患儿的生存质量。
ObjectiveTo discuss nursing measures and experiences for children with extensive skin avulsion injury of lower limbs treated by vacuum sealing drainage (VSD). MethodsWe reviewed the perioperative nursing data of 48 child patients with extensive skin avulsion injury in lower limbs who underwent VSD treatment between December 2010 to October 2012. And the data were compared with those for 56 children with the same disease and treatment between January 2007 and November 2010. ResultsIn these 48 children, 19 received once, 23 received twice, and 6 received 3 times of vacuum sealing drainage. During the treatment, 5 drainage tubes were blocked and were solved with normal saline, and 3 drainage tubes had leakage and two of them were reconnected and the other one became normal after changing the dressing. For VSD, the time between being wounded and skin-grafting was 13.6 days, and the average hospitalization time was 24.3 days. Compared with the traditional method group, children in the VSD group had fewer drug changes during hospitalization, lower infection rate, and shorter hospitalization stay, and the differences were significant (P<0.05). ConclusionKeeping drainage tube airtight, normal and effective is as important as nutrition and mental nursing in the treatment of children's extensive skin avulsion injury in lower limbs, which can decrease infection rate, reduce average hospitalization time, and increase operative efficacy.
ObjectiveTo investigate the knowledge and need of caregivers who perform self-nursing for children with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), in order to provide evidence for health education for children in-patients and children discharged from hospital with central venous catheter. MethodsSelf-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 364 caregivers who performed nursing for 162 PICC pediatric in-patients bwtween December 2013 and July 2015. The investigation was carried out on the general information, nursing knowledge, and the acquisition approach of caregivers' existing nursing knowledge. ResultsThe majority of indwelling PICC pediatric caregivers were elderly people, and the common care model was alternate caring carried out by core family members. The children were cared by the elderly in 59 families (36.42%). Twenty-one families had the parents of the children as the major caregivers (12.96%), and alternate caring by parents and the elderly happened in 82 families (50.62%). The total score of the investigation was ranged from 5 to 29 with an average of 11.37±5.68. Nineteen children were discharged with catheter, whose caregivers got a score from 6 to 11, averaging 8.41±4.33. ConclusionThe ratio of self-nursing knowledge in caregivers for pediatric PICC patients is generally low, especially in those caregivers for patients discharged with central venous catheter. Nursing administrators should pay attention to training of the nurses, trying to improve the knowledge of nurses on PICC health education. Different forms of health education should be carried out for different caregivers. Finally, health education model should also be continuously improved to raise the quality of PICC pediatric nursing.