目的评价双吻合器在中、低位直肠癌保肛手术应用中的安全性和实用性。方法分析 38 例应用双吻合器行结、直肠吻合治疗中、低位直肠癌的经验。结果本组病例在使用双吻合器中闭合和吻合过程顺利、简捷,术后无1 例发生吻合口漏; 发生吻合口狭窄1例,发生率为2.6%, 经肛门指法扩肛后即痊愈; 局部复发2例,复发率为5.3%。结论双吻合器吻合法可作为中、低位直肠癌保肛手术的一种安全可靠的术式选择。
【摘要】目的评估双吻合器在直肠癌保肛术中的应用价值,并探讨吻合口漏等并发症的防治措施。方法对81例采用双吻合器行直肠癌前切除术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果全组术中肿瘤切除后远端直肠的缝合、吻合过程顺利,手术时间120~190 min,平均160 min。术后发生吻合口漏3例(3.7%),吻合口狭窄1例(1.2%),无手术死亡。结论双吻合器技术可帮助外科医生顺利完成直肠癌前切除术中结直肠的吻合,并且安全、可靠。
目的 探讨直肠癌双吻合器保肛术后预防吻合口漏的措施。方法 回顾性分析2006年1月至2009年7月期间在我院行Dixon术的358例直肠癌患者的临床资料。结果 本组病例均一次吻合成功,术后出现吻合口漏30例(8.4%),多发生在术后5~10 d,均经非手术综合性措施治疗后漏口愈合,愈合时间14~60 d,中位时间37 d。结论 术前一般状况调整、术中严密操作、正确的引流管放置与灌洗引流、营养支持等综合性措施对低位直肠癌Dixon术后吻合口漏的防治效果较好。
目的 探讨吻合器痔上黏膜环切术(PPH)对巨大型Ⅲ、Ⅳ度环状痔的临床应用价值。方法 采用美国强生公司生产的痔疮吻合器对38例巨大型Ⅲ、Ⅳ度环状痔患者进行手术,并分析其临床资料。结果 患者平均手术时间19 min,术后平均住院2.8 d,术后10例肛门疼痛较剧者使用了镇痛剂(其中6例加切了外痔),13例有轻度疼痛,15例无疼痛。术后9例1~6 d有便血,其中1例为大出血,出血量约1 000 ml,均经保守治疗后好转。随访1~19个月,患者无大便失禁、肛周感染、脓肿及肛门狭窄发生。结论 PPH治疗巨大型Ⅲ、Ⅳ度环状痔具有手术时间短、住院时间少、痛苦小、恢复快、疗效显著、并发症少的优势。
目的:总结吻合器痔上黏膜环切术(PPH)治疗痔病的经验。探讨该术式的有关问题,以便提高疗效。方法:回顾性分析了2001~2006年8月收治痔病541例,其中PPH术42例的临床资料。本组均为Ⅲ度或Ⅳ度痔。局部合并症共22例次:血栓外痔愈合后遗留皮赘14例,肛裂2例。有关全身合并症:前列腺增生7例,慢性泌尿系统感染1例。结果:42例中,35例术后2~5天出院,6例自愿留院到7天,1例慢性尿路感染者术后2~7天多次便血,再次手术后28日痊愈出院。随访13~24个月:32例恢复满意,10例有肛门包块感及包块排粪时轻度脱出,其中3例经进一步处理缓解,另7例观察治疗。结论:(1)PPH手术简单易行,疼痛轻,住院时间短,效果好。(2)为了提高效果术中应注意:①禁忌症为单个痔块脱出和肛管皮肤不平滑并纤维化的Ⅳ度病变者外。我们还发现慢性泌尿系统感染未彻底治愈者也应视为相对禁忌。明显前列腺增生者也应慎重。②术中按经典PPH手术的要求进行操作,扩肛器插入前后,不宜扩肛和下牵痔块。③个别巨大痔块及皮赘性痔块(tag)宜先行切除,再行本术。④重度脱出者,黏膜切除应宽大,必要时切除部分肛垫。
目的 探讨在局部麻醉下行痔上黏膜环形切除钉合术(procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids,PPH)治疗重度内痔的可行性及临床应用价值。方法 笔者所在医院科室从2005年起对32例Ⅲ度及Ⅳ度脱垂性内痔(含1例混合痔)患者均采用苯巴比妥+氢溴酸东莨菪碱+利多卡因肛管直肠环形局部浸润麻醉行PPH术,对其麻醉效果、手术时间、术中及术后疼痛、尿潴留、术后感染、肛门狭窄、住院时间、治疗满意度等进行分析。结果 32例患者均顺利完成手术,有1例术中改行低位连续硬膜外麻醉,1例辅加镇静剂及镇痛剂。术后28例对疼痛能耐受,4例需镇痛药物;1例患者有肛门坠胀感;所有患者伤口均一期愈合,无尿潴留、术后感染、出血、肛门狭窄等并发症发生;31例对疗效满意,有1例感肛门坠胀,行温水坐浴及痔疮膏纳肛治疗1周后缓解。住院时间3~6d,平均4d。32例患者均进行有效随访,随访时间2~4个月,平均3个月,无大便失禁或复发,肛门控便能力均可。结论 局部麻醉下行PPH术治疗重度内痔是一种安全可行的手术方法,麻醉操作护理简单,疗效确切,术后并发症少,术后恢复快,并可减少医疗费用。
Objective To study the effect of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision and per anum rectal pull-type of anastomosis on male patients with low rectal cancer. Methods The successful experiences of anus saving operation on 23 male patients with low rectal cancer were summarized. Results A laparoscopic total mesorectal excision technique was used, with the full separation of the rectum at the bottom. After pulling out the distal rectum together with the cancer from the anus, the transection of the proximal tumor was performed. The end-to-end anastomosis of rectum and descending colon was performed by tubular stapler. Anus was reserved successfully in the 23 cases. There was no left-tumor stump after surgery detected by postoperative pathological examinations, no anastomotic leakage, and no operative death. Conclusions To the relatively narrow male pelvis, laparoscopic total mesorectal excision and per anum rectal pull-through resection and anastomosis is safe and reliable for anus saving in low rectal cancer. It can simplify the operation, and raise the success rate of sphincter preserving in surgery of low rectal cancer.
Objective To compare the effects of double stapling technique (DST) and single stapling technique (SST) in the low or ultralow anterior rectal resection and colon-anal canal anastomosis for patients with rectal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 351 patients with rectal caner, who were treated with low or ultralow anterior resection and colon-anal canal anastomosis in West China Hospital from Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2010, were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Operative and postoperative indexes of patients treated with DST (n=302) and SST (n=49) were compared. Results Compared with DST group, the distance from the dentate line to the edge of tumor, the length of the distal surgical margin 〔(1.83±0.59) cm vs. (2.07±0.56) cm〕, and hospitalization cost 〔(24 350.48±7 812.73) yuan vs.(29 455.32±7 869.33) yuan〕 of SST group were shorter or lower (P<0.05), but operative time was longer 〔(112.86±39.29) min vs. (100.10±36.75) min, P<0.05〕. There were no significant differences on blood loss, duration of firstambulation, duration of first passing flatus, duration of first bowel movement, duration of pulling out nasogastric tube, duration of pulling out urinary catheter, duration of pulling out drain, postoperative hospital stay, total length of hospital stay, and the incidence of complication between the 2 groups (P>0.05). All patients were in functional recovery of anal control after operation. All patients were followed-up for 6-24 months (average 16 months). During the followed-up, only 1 case suffered local tumor recurrence (SST group), 3 cases suffered distant metastases (all in DST group), and 15 cases (4.27%) died, of which 13 cases (4.30%) in DST group and 2 cases (4.08%) in SST group. Conclusions As in the low or ultralow anterior rectal resection and colon-anal canal anastomosis for patients with rectal cancer, SST results in shorter distal surgical margin than DST, so SST is suitable for the patients with shorter distance from the dentate line to the edge of tumor. What’s more, it saves the hospitalization cost effectively.