Objective To probe the relationship of differentiation degree with spread or survival prognosis in retinoblastoma (RB). Methods Clinical data, follow up status and eyeball specimens in 156 RB cases were investigated retrospectively. The tumors were divided into differentiated and undifferentiated groups. Conditions of the tumor invasion of ocular or surrounding tissues were reviewed. The fatality rate was obtained from the follow-up materials of 82 cases of RB. The fatality rate and the invasion rate between the two types were compared statistically by Chi-square test. In addition, the relation between the tumor invasion and death ,and the average survival time for dead people after surgery were explored. Results Local invasion of tumor cell was found in 8 eyes among 17 eyes with differentiated RB (47.06%),and in 66 eyes among 139 eyes with undifferentiated RB (47.48%).There was no significant difference with regards to the local invasion between the two types ( The fatality rate of cases of differentiated RB was 27.27%,and 22.54% in undifferent iated RB, and there was no statistical difference between the two types .The fat ality rate for patients with orbital and scleral extension was 100%, optic nerve invasion (grade Ⅳ) was 62.50%,and uveal invasion was 22.22%.The survival time for the dead victims were from 5 months to 41 months and averaged to 21.92 months. Conclusion There was no significant differ ence both in survival prognosis and local invasion between the two types. The survival prognosis of metastatic RB was dependent on the degree of spread and the efforts of treatment and regardless of the types of differentiation of RB cells. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:18-20)
OBJECTIVE:The study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical effects of an improved posterior seleral reinforcement procedure for retinal detachment(RD)with macular hole in high myopic patients. METHODS:Twenty high myopic eyes with RD and macular hole were treated in our hospital from March 1993 to November 1995 with posterior scleral reinforcement surgery and were retrospectiv- ely analysed. RESULTS:The average length of ocular axis was 28.22 mm on admission and 26.87 mm on discharge in 14 comparable eyes. The retinas were reattached in 17 eyes with corrected vision of 0. 02~0.2. The surgery was failed in 3 eyes and the PVR got worse. CONCLUSION :The improved pro- cedure can efficiently treat high myopic patients with RD and macular hole without severe PVR,and might be better for preserving the survival central vision than choroiretinal adhesive methods. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1996,12: 214-216）
Objective To evaluate the effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs) on sleep apneas in Sprague-Dawley ( SD) rats. Methods Thirty adultmale SD rats were randomly divided into two groups ( 15 rats in each group) . The treatment group and the control group were injected intraperitoneally with paroxetine ( 10 mg· kg- 1 · d - 1 ) and sterile distilled water ( 2 mL· kg- 1 · d - 1) for 7 days respectively. Parameters about sleep apnea and sleep structure were measured before and after the treatment. Results In the treatment group, there was a significant reduction of apnea index ( AI) from ( 12. 4 ±3. 7)times /hour to ( 7. 4 ±2. 2) times/ hour ( P = 0. 000) . Both post sigh apnea index ( PSAI) and spontaneous apnea index ( SPAI) were decreased significantly ( P = 0. 000 and 0. 021 respectively) in non-rapid eye movement ( NREM) sleep, but not in REM sleep. REM sleep was reduced from 8. 6% to 8. 0% ( P =0. 013) and its latency was increased from ( 54. 1 ±48. 4) min to ( 110. 9 ±43. 4) min ( P = 0. 001) in the treatment group, as well as the sleep-onset latency [ from ( 20. 7 ±9. 1) min to ( 30. 0 ±15. 7) min, P =0. 038] . Conclusion Paroxetine can reduce sleep apneas in SD rats during NREMsleep. Its effects on sleep structure include reducing REM time, increasing REM latency and sleep-onset latency.
Objective To investigate factors for surgical difficulty and complications following closure of temporary ileostomy for rectal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 103 patients with low rectal cancer treated with closure of temporary ileostomy from January 2014 to July 2017 in the Northern Theater Command General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The associated factors of surgical difficulty and postoperative complications were identified by the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results In this study, there were 11 (10.7%) patients with surgical difficulty (operation time >100 min) in the 103 patients. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the history of previous abdominal surgery ［OR=5.272, 95% CI (1.325, 20.977), P=0.018］ and minimally invasive surgery ［OR=0.166, 95% CI (0.037, 0.758), P=0.020］ were the independent influencing factors of the difficulty of surgery. The complications following closure of temporary ileostomy included 16 (15.5%) patients with the incision infection, 5 (4.9%) patients with the intestinal obstruction, and 3 patients with the pulmonary infection (2.9%). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the diabetes ［OR=4.855, 95% CI (1.133, 20.804), P=0.033］, operation time >100 min ［OR=11.914, 95% CI (2.247, 63.171), P=0.004］, and peristomal dermatitis ［OR=18.814, 95% CI (3.978, 88.988), P<0.001］ were the independent influencing factors for the incision infection. Conclusions History of previous abdominal surgery is main cause for difficulty of surgery and minimally invasive surgery can reduce difficulty of surgery. Diabetes mellitus, longer operation time, and peristomal dermatitis are main causes of postoperative incision infection.
ObjectiveBy detecting the expression of the long non-coding RNA metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in myocardial tissue under different hypoxia patterns, to explore the possible mechanism of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-induced cardiovascular diseases.MethodsSD rats were randomly and equally divided into 4 groups namely a normal (N) group, a continuous hypoxia (CH) group, an intermittent hypoxia (IH) group and an intermittent hypoxia with hypercapnia (IHH) group, and were treated for 1, 2, and 3 weeks. The expression of MALAT1 and associated immune factors of the myocardial tissue were examined by qRT-PCR.ResultsAn elevation without significance was observed in those three hypoxia groups in contrast with N group after 1 week’s treatment. However, in 2 and 3 weeks’ groups, the mRNA expression of MALAT1 was significantly higher in IHH group than the other three groups (all P<0.01), while there was no significant difference among IH, CH or N groups despite an increasing tendency in IH and CH groups against N group were observed. Additionally, the expressions of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (P<0.05), Toll-like receptor 4 (P<0.01) and interleukin-6 (P<0.05) mRNA were also increased significantly in IHH group compared with IH, CH and IHH groups in 3 weeks’ treatment respectively, which were coordinated with the change of MALAT1 mRNA.ConclusionsThe expression of MALAT1 in myocardial tissue is elevated by intermittent hypoxia with hypercapnia, and the tendency is similar with hypoxia-induced inflammation factors. These findings indicate that MALAT1 is probably a regulatory factor of OSA induced myocardial immune injury.