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find Keyword "支气管扩张症" 24 results
  • 噻托溴铵联合肺康复治疗轻中度支气管扩张症的疗效

    目的探讨噻托溴铵联合肺康复治疗轻中度稳定期支气管扩张症的有效性。方法纳入 2017 年 9 月至 12 月就诊于山东第一医科大学附属莱钢医院呼吸科支气管扩张严重程度指数(BSI)评分为轻中度的稳定期支气管扩张症患者 90 例,随机分为常规治疗组、噻托溴铵组和联合治疗组,各 30 例。规律治疗 1 年后,比较三组患者改良呼吸困难指数(mMRC)评分、BSI 评分和肺通气功能检查的变化。结果治疗后常规治疗组 mMRC 为(2.00±1.08)分,BSI 评分为(4.40±0.89)分,明显高于联合治疗组[(1.37±0.49)分、(2.37±1.13)分]和噻托溴铵组[(1.47±0.57)分、(3.40±1.16)分],差异均有统计学意义(均 P<0.05)。常规治疗组第 1 秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(FEV1%pred)为(71.70±6.46)%,用力肺活量占预计值百分比(FVC%pred)为(63.80±6.67)%,FEV1/FVC 为(74.00±5.47)%,明显低于噻托溴铵组[(74.97±5.33)%、(70.83±8.41)%、(79.47±4.90)%]和联合治疗组[(78.53±4.75)%、(74.23±5.19)%、(81.70±5.80)%],差异均有统计学意义(均 P<0.05)。联合治疗组 FEV1%pred 明显高于噻托溴铵组,而 BSI 评分明显低于噻托溴铵组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论噻托溴铵粉吸入剂联合肺康复治疗能减轻支气管扩张症患者的呼吸困难,提高肺通气功能,改善预后。

    Release date:2020-09-27 06:38 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Pulmonary nocardiosis associated with bronchiectasis: report of two cases and literature review

    ObjectiveTo describe the clinical characteristics of pulmonary nocardiosis associated with bronchiectasis and to evaluate the methods of diagnosis and treatment.MethodsClinical data of two patients with pulmonary nocardiosis and bronchiectasis were analyzed and the literature on the subject were reviewed.ResultsTwo female patients with bronchiectasis were respectively 55 and 62 years old, both of them presented with fever, cough, expectoration, and leukocytosis. Case 1 also complicated with respiratory failure and leukemoid reaction. Chest CT showed bilateral pulmonary multi-patchy consolidations with cavities in case 1 and unilateral pulmonary local consolidation without cavities in case 2. Sputum smears on modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining of both patients showed typical Nocardia hyphe. Sputum culture of case 1 showed Nocardia otitidiscaviarum, which was sensitive to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ/TMP), amikacin and moxifloxacin while resistant to ceftriaxone, imipenem and meropenem. Sputum culture of case 2 was negative. Case 1 was treated with SMZ/TMP + moxifloxacin + amikacin for 6 months, and case 2 treated with SMZ/TMP for 3 months. Both patients were clinically cured. Six case reports including 7 patients were searched, including 4 Chinese reports and 2 English reports. Most of them were reported individually. ConclusionsBronchiectasis is a risk factor for pulmonary nocardiosis, and the treatment of nocardiosis should accord with drug susceptibilities and severities of diseases. The prognoses of patients with pulmonary nocardiosis and bronchiectasis are relatively good.

    Release date:2019-03-22 04:20 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The Application Value of Collagen VI Family Proteins in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Bronchiectasis: A Mendelian Randomization Study

    Objective To explore the causal relationship between the Collagen VI (COL6) family proteins COL6A1, A2, and A3 and bronchiectasis using the Mendelian randomization (MR) method.MethodsThe primary analysis was conducted using MR combined with summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis. COL6 family proteins were used as exposure data, and bronchiectasis was used as outcome data. Cis-protein quantitative trait locus (cis-pQTL) data were extracted for analysis, and the results were meta-analyzed. Subsequently, COL6A3-cis-pQTL data from the UK Biobank plasma proteome study were used for further validation. Colocalization analysis was also performed to further explore the association between COL6 proteins and bronchiectasis.Results MR and SMR results revealed a negative causal relationship between COL6A3 and bronchiectasis (p-MRmeta = 0.005, OR = 0.30; p-SMRmeta = 0.004, OR = 0.26). The validation phase also confirmed the negative causal relationship between COL6A3 and bronchiectasis (p-MRmeta = 0.000007, OR = 0.27; p-SMRmeta = 0.0003, OR = 0.29). Colocalization analysis supported the presence of a shared causal variant (rs972974) between COL6A3 and bronchiectasis (PP.H4 = 0.967/0.876).Conclusion There is an inverse causal relationship between COL6A3 and bronchiectasis. Low expression of COL6A3 increases the risk of developing bronchiectasis, making COL6A3 a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for drug development in bronchiectasis.

    Release date:2025-03-06 09:32 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Application of video-assisted thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy in single-stage bilateral thoracic surgery for the treatment of bilateral localized bronchiectasis

    ObjectiveTo explore the safety and feasibility of the application of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) anatomic segmentectomy in single-stage bilateral thoracic surgery for the treatment of bilateral localized bronchiectasis.MethodsFrom June 2014 to June 2018, 19 patients with bilateral localized bronchiectasis underwent single-stage bilateral thoracic surgery with VATS anatomic segmentectomy, including 11 males and 8 females aged 38.0±12.5 years. The clinical efficacy of the surgery was evaluated.ResultsAll surgeries were successfully completed, of which 17 were bilateral VATS, 2 were unilateral VATS with the other lateral converted to thoracotomy. The average number of bilateral resected segments was 4-8 (5.9±1.2). Mean operation time was 330.0±40.0 min and mean blood loss was 150.0±60.0 mL. Mean ventilator-assisted breathing time was 6.0±1.8 h, mean duration of chest-tube placement was 4.0±1.0 d and mean hospital stay time was 14.0±1.5 d. Three patients suffered pulmonary infection and 1 patient received tracheotomy. No perioperative death occurred. Arterial oxygen pressures on postoperative day (POD) 1 (F=340.18, P<0.05) and POD 3 (F=131.26, P<0.05) were significantly lower than that before operation, arterial carbon dioxide pressures on POD 1 (F=46.62, P<0.05) and POD 3 (F=48.21, P<0.05) were significantly higher than that before operation, and pulse oximeter saturation on POD 1 was significantly lower than that before operation (F=210.82, P<0.05). The patients were followed up for one to five years without recurrence.ConclusionApplication of VATS anatomic segmentectomy in single-stage bilateral thoracic surgery for the treatment of bilateral localized bronchiectasis is safe and feasible with strictly selected patients. Postoperative airway management is very important. The surgery is worthy of wide clinical practice.

    Release date:2020-07-30 02:32 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 吸入激素在支气管扩张症中的应用

    支气管扩张症(简称支扩)是以进行性和不可逆性气道破坏和扩张为特征的慢性气道炎症性疾病[1],大多表现为长期咳嗽、咳脓性痰,反复急性发作,肺功能受损,后者主要表现为阻塞性通气功能障碍,气道反应性增高,晚期患者常常出现劳力性呼吸困难,严重影响患者生活质量[2,3] 。大部分支扩患者第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV )每年下降大约50mL [4] 。在我国支扩的发病率为0.3‰~0.5‰。2005年美国成人支扩发病率约为52.3/100 000。发病率随年龄而增加,在所有年龄阶段女性发病率均较男性高,预计在美国有18岁以上的支扩患者110 000例,每年医疗费用约6.3亿美元[5]。

    Release date:2016-08-30 11:35 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Efficacy of Long-term Inhaled Salmeterol/Fluticasone Combined with Low-dose Oral Erythromycin in Patients with Bronchiectasis

    Objective To evaluate the efficacy of long-term inhaled salmeterol / fluticasone combined with low-dose oral erythromycin in patients with bronchiectasis. Methods Sixty-two patients with bronchiectasis after exacerbation and maintained stable were randomly divided into three groups. Group A was treated with low-dose oral erythromycin, group B inhaled salmeterol/fluticasone, and group C inhaled salmeterol/fluticasone plus low-dose oral erythromycin. The study duration lasted for 6 months. The clinical symptoms, dyspnea scale, exacerbation frequency, and pulmonary function parameters were measured and compared. Results Fifty-four patients completed the whole study and 8 cases withdrew. The results showed that 6 months of low-dose erythromycin therapy can improve the clinical symptoms, whille exacerbation frequency was also decreased. Inhaled salmeterol/fluticasone improved lung function, however, had no effect on cough, expectoration and exacerbation frequency. Inhaled salmeterol/fluticasone combined with erythromycin was more significantly effective in improving lung functions as well as symptoms. Conclusions Long-terminhaled salmeterol/fluticasone combined with low-dose oral erythromycin can improve the clinical symptoms and lung function, decrease the frequency of exacerbation in patients with bronchiectasis. It may be as an alternative to the maintenance treatment of bronchiectasis.

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  • Risk Factors for Death in Patients with Bronchiectasis

    ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors for death in patients with bronchiectasis. MethodsTwo hundred and eighty-three patients diagnosed with bronchiectasis at Daxing Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2011 to December 2013 were collected and followed up to October 2015 after discharge. Patients' age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, dyspnea score, image data, sputum culture, blood gas analysis and the results of spirometry were collected. The risk factors for death were analyzed with COX regression analysis. ResultsAmong 283 cases, 52 patients died. The 1-, 2-, 3-and 4-year cumulative survival rates were 97%, 86%, 71%, 45%, respectively. COX regression analysis showed that age≥70 years (RR=2.222, 95%CI 1.145-4.314), BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 (RR=2.328, 95%CI 1.205-4.497), bronchiectasis involving≥3 lobes in chest high-resolution computed tomography (RR=0.382, 95%CI 0.188-0.774) and FEV1% pred < 70% (RR=1.032, 95%CI 0.923-1.180) were the independent risk factors for death of patients with bronchiectasis (all P < 0.05). ConclusionsThere are multiple risk factors contribute to death of patients with bronchiectasis. Early identification of risk factors shall improve the prognosis of patients with bronchiectasis.

    Release date:2016-11-25 09:01 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 雾化吸入抗生素在支气管扩张症中的应用

    支气管扩张症(简称支扩)是一种慢性肺部疾病,特征性地表现为支气管异常、持久的扩张和破坏,临床处理困难。虽然支扩的病因多种多样,但细菌性感染和持续性炎症是其典型病变,且反复发生,导致病情不断恶化。临床表现主要为发热、咯脓性痰,并常伴有胸痛和咯血。在支扩患者的痰中最常分离培养出的细菌是流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌,其中铜绿假单胞菌是病程晚期最常见也是最难处理的感染病原体,往往难以清除,并与病情的加重和恶化密切相关,与其他病原体感染相比可导致更快的肺功能和生活质量的下降[1]。

    Release date:2016-08-30 11:35 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Effect of leukotriene receptor antagonist on airway mucus hypersecretion in patients with acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis

    Objective To explore the effect of leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast on physicochemical property of sputum and airway mucus hypersecretion in patients with acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis. Methods Eighty-four inpatients with acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis were randomly divided into a control group and an experiment group, with 42 cases in each group. The control group received conventional therapy and the experiment group took orally montelukast 10 mg before sleep every day based on conventional therapy for two weeks. At admission and 15 days after admission, the amount in 24 hours, dry/wet weight ratio and viscosity of sputum were observed while the levels of neutrophil elastase (NE) and mucin MUC5ac in sputum were determined by ELISA. The pulmonary ventilation function, airway resistance and blood gas analysis were also measured. Results The sputum amount in 24 hours, dry/wet weight ratio and viscosity of sputum, NE and MUC5ac of sputum, pulmonary ventilation function, blood gas analysis and airway resistance were declined or improved remarkably after treatment compared with before treatment in two groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the sputum amount in 24 hours [(5.62±1.83) g vs. (7.53±2.32) g], NE [(3.85±0.97) μg/ml vs. (4.54±1.03) μg/ml], MUC5ac [(0.65±0.21) μg/ml vs. (0.82± 0.29) μg/ml] and the airway resistance [(119.16±11.76)% vs. (128.37±12.08)%] were declined remarkably in the experiment group compare with the control group after treatment (all P<0.05). The viscosity of sputum between the two groups after treatment showed no significant difference. Conclusion In patients with acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis, montelukast can reduce amount of sputum and airway resistance, reduce expression of mucin MUC5ac through down-regulation of NE, thus inhibit airway mucus hypersecretion.

    Release date:2017-07-24 01:54 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 胸部物理疗法联合口咽通气管吸痰在支气管扩张症无创通气中的应用

    目的 探讨胸部物理疗法联合口咽通气管吸痰对行无创正压通气的支气管扩张症患者的治疗效果及安全性。 方法 选取 2013 年 1 月—2015 年 8 月存在不同程度急性呼吸衰竭的急性加重期支气管扩张症患者 27 例,在给予抗菌药物治疗、对症治疗、营养支持的基础上行无创正压通气,护理上给予手法叩背、应用体外震动排痰机、体位引流等胸部物理疗法联合经口咽通气管吸痰。 结果 经综合治疗和护理后,患者最终显效 16 例,有效 9 例,无效 2 例,治疗有效率达 92.6%。 结论 对伴有呼吸衰竭的支气管扩张症急性加重期患者,在实施无创正压通气时,用胸部物理疗法配合口咽通气管吸痰能解决无创正压通气中患者无力咳痰的问题,保持呼吸道通畅,保障无创正压通气的顺利实施,改善患者预后。

    Release date:2017-08-22 11:25 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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