ObjectiveTo systematically review the association between PVT1 expression and digestive system tumors (DST). MethodsPubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CBM, and CNKI databases were electronically searched to collect case-control studies on the correlation between PVT1 expression and DST from inception to June 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed by using Stata 16.0 software. ResultsA total of 34 case-control studies involving 3 882 DST patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the high expression of PVT1 was significantly associated with tumor size (>5 cm), differentiation degree (poor), T stage (T3-T4), lymph node metastasis (N+), distant metastasis (M+), and clinical stages (Ⅲ-Ⅳ) of DST; however, it was not associated with gender, age and venous invasion. In addition, the high expression of PVT1 in DST tissues was significantly correlated with the low rates of 1, 3 and 5-year overall survival and poor prognosis (HR=1.96, 95%CI 1.70 to 2.26, P<0.000 1). Subgroup analysis showed that the high expression of PVT1 was significantly associated with poor prognosis of gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer and liver cancer.ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that the high expression of PVT1 is correlated with the clinic pathological features (tumor size >5 cm, poor differentiation, T3-T4 stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ) and indicates poor prognosis in most patients with DST (gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer).
目的 探讨腹腔镜下行直肠癌根治术（L-Dixon，L-Miles）的应用价值。方法 对我院2009年10月至2011年1月期间收治的68例行腹腔镜直肠癌根治术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 68例患者中行L-Dixon术55例，L-Miles术12例，中转开腹行Dixon术1例，手术过程顺利。术后第4天1例并发吻合口漏、盆腔脓肿，行开腹引流、横结肠造瘘术，6个月后关闭瘘口，恢复正常。本组患者随访时间2～12个月，平均随访时间8个月，均恢复良好，无肿瘤复发及转移。结论 腹腔镜下行直肠癌根治术具有手术野清晰、创伤小、恢复快等优点，可取得与开腹手术相当或更好的根治效果，使患者受益。
ObjectiveTo further analyze the gender-specific distribution patterns of the disease burden of tracheal, bronchial, and lung cancer (hereinafter referred to as lung cancer) attributed to tobacco from 1990 to 2021 globally and in China and the United States (US), and to predict the trend of disease burden changes from 2022 to 2031, aiming to provide multi-dimensional evidence-based support for optimizing tobacco control strategies and precise lung cancer prevention and control systems. MethodsData on the disease burden of lung cancer attributed to tobacco from 1990 to 2021 globally and in China and the US were extracted and integrated from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database. The Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 software was used to analyze the corresponding trends in disease burden. The Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) prediction model was employed to forecast the disease burden of lung cancer in China from 2022 to 2031. ResultsIn 2021, China had the highest number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) due to lung cancer attributed to tobacco, with 544600 patients and 12.5721 million person-years respectively, followed by the US with 105200 patients and 2.3096 million person-years. The top three risk factors for lung cancer globally and in China and the US from 1990 to 2021 were tobacco, air pollution, and occupational risks. The disease burden of lung cancer patients attributed to tobacco has been decreasing year by year in the global and US populations (the average annual percentage change values of age-standardized mortality rate and DALY rate were: globally: −0.96%, −1.28%; US: −2.33%, −2.72%), while it has been increasing in China. From a gender perspective, the disease burden of male patients with lung cancer attributed to tobacco was much higher than that of female patients from 1990 to 2021. Compared to the global average, the disease burden of lung cancer attributed to tobacco in China and the US from 1990 to 2021 was still heavy, with China's burden being higher than that of the US. The elderly population aged ≥65 in both the global context and in China and the US was the primary group affected by the disease burden of lung cancer attributed to tobacco. The BAPC prediction model indicates that from 2022 to 2031, the age-standardized rates of lung cancer attributed to tobacco in the global context and in China and the US will show a declining trend. ConclusionFrom 1990 to 2021, the disease burden of lung cancer attributed to tobacco in China and the US was still heavy compared to the global average, with China's burden being significantly higher than that of the US. The focus on prevention and control for both countries remains among men and the middle-aged and elderly population, which is a key challenge for tobacco-related lung cancer prevention and treatment work in the next 10 years.