Objective To summarize and analyze the research progression of zinc deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus or obesity after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass （RYGB） surgery. Method The domestic and international published literatures about zinc deficiency after RYGB in recent years were reviewed. Results There was a degree of zinc deficiency after RYGB surgery， its mechanisms had not been fully clarified， which were related to reduced intake and absorption of zinc， protein malnutrition， dietary factors， and specific ways of surgery and the zinc supplementation programmes after operation would also affect the postoperative zinc nutritional status. Conclusions Reasons for zinc deficiency after RYGB surgery are multifaceted and have not been clarified. Further research is needed to provide experimental and theoretical basis for management of zinc nutritional status after RYGB surgery.
ObjectiveTo summarize the role and mechanism of gastrokine 1 (GKN1) in the gastric mucosal relative diseases, and to explore the relationship between GKN1 and gastric mucosal relative diseases. MethodsThe literatures about GKN1 and gastric mucosal relative diseases in recent years were collected to make a review. ResultsThe expressions of GKN1 gradually declined from gastritis, gastric ulcer to gastric cancer. GKN1 had the effect of protec-ting gastric mucosa, promoting mucosal repairment, and inhibiting the progression of gastric cancer. ConclusionsGKN1 not only prevents the development of gastric benign diseases to gastric cancer, but also inhibits the progression of gastric cancer, which provides a new idea for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.
ObjectiveTo investigate the expressions of chemokine receptor CXCR4 and CCR7 in thyroid cancer and its clinicopathologic significance. MethodsFifty-five patients with thyroid cancer were selected in the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from 2006 to 2009, and 30 patients with thyroid adenoma were selected in the same hospital during 2009. The expressions of CXCR4 and CCR7 were detected in all the selected cases samples (including thyroid cancer and thyroid adenoma) by immunohistochemical SP technique. ResultsThe positive expression rates of CXCR4 and CCR7 in the thyroid cancer were higher than those in the thyroid adenoma (Plt;0.01), which in the thyroid cancer with clinical stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ were higher than those of the clinical stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ (Plt;0.05). The positive expression rate of CCR7 in the thyroid cancer with lymph node metastasis was higher than that of the thyroid cancer without lymph node metastasis (Plt;0.05), which of CXCR4 in the patients with thyroid cancer was independent of lymph node metastasis (Pgt;0.05), and which of CXCR4 and CCR7 were also independent of the age and gender of the patients with thyroid cancer (Pgt;0.05). The positive expressions of CCR7 and CXCR4 in all the patients with thyroid cancer was positively correlated (rs=0.491, P=0.000). ConclusionsCXCR4 and CCR7 are involved in the coordination of thyroid cancer progression. They can be used as prognostic indicators of thyroid cancer. High expression of CCR7 is prone to lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer.
Objective To explore the feasibility, safety, efficacy and mechanism of intraoperative regional chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancer.Methods The related literatures were reviewed and analyzed. Results Compared with systemic chemotherapy, intraoperative regional chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancer could increase blood drug concentration of cancerous tissue, reduce the systemic toxic side effects, increase survival rate and improve the quality of life. Conclusion Intraoperative regional chemotherapy, as an adjuvant treatment of advanced gastric cancer, has been gradually applied to clinic because of the definite curative effect, which is worth popularizing. However, it needs systemic researches and accumulation of cases.
ObjectiveTo explore the diagnostic and therapeutic value of laparoscopy in acute abdomen. MethodsRelated literatures were collected to analyze the advantages, the scope of application, and the effect on the body of laparo-scopy, and to clearly defined the indications of laparoscopy in acute abdomen and related taboos. ResultsMost people could be tolerated for CO2 pneumoperitoneum. Laparoscopic surgery had a certain advantages compared with open surgery in the diagnosis and treatment. It was widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of acute abdomen. ConclusionLaparo-scopic surgery is recommended for acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, peptic ulcer perforation, and so on, but it is still controversial in intestinal obstruction, intestinal diverticulum perforation, and the application of abdominal trauma, which need more randomized controlled studies comparing with open operation.
Objective To explore the research status and development tendency of relation between indoleamine 2，3-dioxygenase （IDO） and immune escape of gastric cancer. Methods The related literatures about IDO， immune escape of gastric cancer， and their the relationship at domestic and international in recent ten years were collected and reviewed. Results Gastric cancers induced that dendritic cells expressed IDO by the CD4＋ CD8＋ regulatory T cells， which made the microenviroment tryptophan starvation， thus inhibited T cell proliferation. While tryptophan metabolites existed T cell cytotoxicity that inhibited T cell proliferation. IDO-specific inhibitor 1-MT combinated with chemotherapy drugs in the treatment for gastric cancer was a synergistic effect. Conclusions IDO as an immune modulating enzymes may play a key role in the process of immune tolerance that induced by gastric body. IDO may become a new target for inhibition of gastric malignancy formation and enhance the effectiveness of tumor immune treatment.
目的观察普鲁卡因对重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）患者的治疗效果。方法将我院1993年3月至2001年4月收治行非手术治疗的SAP患者40例，分为普鲁卡因治疗组23例，非普鲁卡因治疗组17例。结果普鲁卡因治疗组治愈20例，死亡3例，死亡率为13.0%； 非普鲁卡因治疗组治愈9例，死亡8例，死亡率为47.1%，普鲁卡因治疗组死亡率明显低于非普鲁卡因治疗组（P＜0.05）。结论SAP的普鲁卡因治疗组效果优于非普鲁卡因治疗组，且患者痛苦小、并发症少、费用低，值得推广使用。
Objective To evaluate branched-chain DNA (b-DNA) signal amplification and semi-quantitative (Sq) RT-PCR in detection of free cancer cells in peritoneal flushing fluid of colorectal cancer patients during surgery. Methods The CEA mRNA in peritoneal flushing fluid in 48 cases of colorectal cancer were detected by b-DNA and SqRT-PCR. Peritoneal flushing fluid cytology (PLC) was conformed simultaneously to detect the free cancer cells. The peritoneal flushing fluid of 12 cases with colorectal benign disease were taken as negative control, GAPDH mRNA as internal control. Results In colorectal cancer patients, positive rate of free cancer cells by bDNA and SqRT-PCR （43.8%, 31.3%） was higher than that by PLC （4.2%）. The relative quantitative expressions of CEA mRNA were related to the Dukes staging， depth invasion and differentiation degree (Plt;0.05)， but irrelevant to tumor size，the patients’ age and gender (Pgt;0.05).Conclusion Both b-DNA and SqRT-PCR technologies have advantages and disadvantages to detect free cancer cells in peritoneal flushing fluid， which are related to clinicopathological factors.