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甲状腺功能减退症伴多发性肌炎样综合征三例

【摘要】 目的 提高对甲状腺功能减退致多肌炎综合征的认识。方法 报道3例甲状腺功能减退症致多肌炎综合征的临床特点。男2例,年龄分别为33、38岁；女1例,年龄64岁,均表现为四肢近端肌肉肌无力,肌酶显著升高。结果 2例男性诊断为原发性甲状腺功能减退症,女性为亚临床型甲状腺功能减退症,甲状腺激素替代治疗后效果好。结论 临床上对有肌病表现、肌酶显著升高的患者须注意有无甲状腺功能减退症,多发性肌炎样综合征,应注意筛查甲状腺功能。

Changes of Plasma Homocysteine and Peripheric Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism

ObjectiveTo observe the changes of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) and brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, and discuss the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism and arterial stiffness. MethodSeventy-three patients with subclinical hypothyroidism who were not treated before were divided into two groups according to thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level between January 2013 and June 2014. There were 35 patients in group A (4 mU/L < TSH < 10 mU/L) and 38 in group B (TSH ≥ 10 mU/L). Another 30 healthy individuals were selected as controls. Hcy and baPWV were determined in all subjects. ResultsCompared with the controls, patients had significantly higher level of TSH, Hcy and baPWV in group A, and had significantly higher TSH, triacylglycerol (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)-C, Hcy, and baPWV in group B (P<0.05). Compared with group A, TSH, TG, LDL-C, Hcy, and baPWV in group B patiens were significantly higher (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that Hcy was positively correlated with TSH (r=0.353, P<0.01) and baPWV was positively correlated with TSH (r=0.416, P<0.01). ConclusionsHcy level and peripheric arterial stiffness increase in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Both of them are correlated positively with TSH.

Effect of preoperative hypothyroidism on the postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients after on-pump cardiac surgery: A prospective cohort study

Objective To explore the effect of preoperative hypothyroidism on postoperative cognition dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients after on-pump cardiac surgery. Methods Patients who were no younger than 50 years and scheduled to have on-pump cardiac surgeries were selected in West China Hospital from March 2016 to December 2017. Based on hormone levels, patients were divided into two groups: a hypo group (hypothyroidism group, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) >4.2 mU/L or free triiodothyronine 3 (FT3) <3.60 pmol/L or FT4 <12.0 pmol/L) and an eu group (euthyroidism group, normal TSH, FT3 and FT4). The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) test and a battery of neuropsychological tests were used by a fixed researcher to assess cognitive function on 1 day before operation and 7 days after operation. Primer outcome was the incidence of POCD. Secondary outcomes were the incidence of cognitive degradation, scores or time cost in every aspect of cognitive function. Results No matter cognitive function was assessed by MMSE or a battery of neuropsychological tests, the incidence of POCD in the hypo group was higher than that of the eu group. The statistical significance existed when using MMSE (55.56% vs. 26.67%, P=0.014) but was absent when using a battery of neuropsychological tests (55.56% vs. 44.44%, P=0.361). The incidence of cognitive deterioration in the hypo group was higher than that in the eu group in verbal fluency test (48.15% vs. 20.00%, P=0.012). The cognitive deterioration incidence between the hypo group and the eu group was not statistically different in the other aspects of cognitive function. There was no statistical difference about scores or time cost between the hypo group and the eu group in all the aspects of cognitive function before surgery. After surgery, the scores between the hypo group and the eu group was statistically different in verbal fluency test (26.26±6.55 vs. 30.23±8.00, P=0.023) while was not statistically significant in other aspects of cognitive function. Conclusion The incidence of POCD is high in the elderly patients complicated with hypothyroidism after on-pump cardiac surgery and words reserve, fluency, and classification of cognitive function are significantly impacted by hypothyroidism over than other domains, which indicates hypothyroidism may have close relationship with POCD in this kind of patients.

甲状腺功能减退合并抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征致低钠血症一例

Clinical practice of MDT in hypothyroidism complicated with postoperative gastroparesis syndrome after radical resection of right colon cancer

Objective To summarize clinical diagnosis and treatment of 1 case of hypothyroidism complicated with postoperative gastroparesis syndrome (PGS) after radical resection of right colon cancer. Method The multi-disciplinary (MDT) mechanism was used to discuss the MDT consultations of the departments of general surgery, endocrinology, nutrition, radiology, and pathology in a patient with hypothyroidism and right colon cancer after the radical resection. Results The MDT discussion concluded that the patient had a clear diagnosis of right colon cancer before the surgery, and the PGS occurred after the radical resection of right colon cancer. The patient had the hypothyroidism before the operation, and the occurrence of PGS might be related to the hypothyroidism. The experts of MDT recommended to treat with the thyroxine sodium and nutritional support treatment after the surgery. According to the results of the MDT discussion, the patient’s PGS was gradually cured and discharged smoothly after the thyroxine supplementation and nutritional support. Conclusions Hypothyroidism may be a risk factor for occurrence of PGS after radical resection of right colon cancer. MDT mechanism can provide an individualized optimal treatment for patients with hypothyroidism complicated with PGS after radical resection of right colon cancer and benefit these patients.

Subclinical thyroid dysfunction and risk of atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo systematically review the relationship between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk of atrial fibrillation.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang Data were electronically searched to collect cohort studies on associations between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and atrial fibrillation from inception to June 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and evaluated risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 11 studies involving 620 874 subjects and 19 781 cases were included. Meta-analysis showed that subclinical hypothyroidism was not associated with atrial fibrillation (adjusted RR=1.20, 95%CI 0.92 to 1.57, P=0.18) and subclinical hyperthyroidism could increase the risk of atrial fibrillation (adjusted RR=1.65, 95%CI 1.12 to 2.43, P=0.01). Subgroup analysis showed that for the community population, subclinical hypothyroidism was not associated with atrial fibrillation (adjusted RR=1.03, 95%CI 0.84 to 1.26, P=0.81); for cardiac surgery, subclinical hypothyroidism could increase the risk of atrial fibrillation (adjusted RR=2.80, 95%CI 1.51 to 5.19, P=0.001); subclinical hyperthyroidism could increase the risk of atrial fibrillation among patients with TSH≤0.1 mlU/L (adjusted RR=2.06, 95%CI 1.07 to 3.99, P=0.03) and TSH=0.1～0.44 mlU/L (adjusted RR=1.29, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.64, P=0.04). ConclusionsSubclinical hypothyroidism is not associated with atrial fibrillation and subclinical hyperthyroidism can increase the risk of atrial fibrillation. Due to limited quantity and quality of included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify above conclusions.

Clinic Analysis of Hypothyroidism with Respiratory Failure as the Main Symptom

目的　提高临床医生对甲状腺功能减退症（甲减）并发急性呼吸衰竭的认识，减少误诊，提高救治率。方法　对2002年11月－2011年6月收治的6例甲减并发急性呼吸衰竭患者予以有创机械通气及早期使用左旋甲状腺素治疗，使病症得以控制和治愈。 结果　患者使用有创机械通气治疗平均7 d，住院治疗14～43 d，平均（28.6 ±14.4）d， 5例治愈，1例死亡。 结论　甲减并发呼吸衰竭早期使用机械通气及甲状腺激素替代治疗可提高抢救成功率。

德阳地区健康体检人群中甲状腺功能检查的结果分析

目的 了解德阳地区健康体检人群中甲状腺功能检查（甲功）的异常情况，并分析异常类型及人群分布特点。 方法 收集医院体检中心2014年1月－9月体检人群的甲功检查报告，结合体检者个人信息，对甲功指标游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸、游离甲状腺素、促甲状腺素和抗体指标抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体（TgAb）、促甲状腺激素受体抗体（TRAb）、抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（TPOAb）进行统计分析。 结果 在1 220例体检人群中，甲功指标异常201例（16.48%）；临床甲功异常[甲状腺功能亢进症（甲亢）+甲状腺功能减退（甲减）]检出率为1.14%，亚临床甲功指标异常（亚临床甲亢+亚临床甲减）检出率15.33%。甲功指标异常者中57.71%合并抗体指标阳性；1 019例甲功正常者中抗体指标异常183例（17.96%），其中抗体指标阳性率由高到低分别为TPOAb 9.62%、TgAb 8.24%、TRAb 4.12%。甲功指标异常在40～49岁年龄段检出率最高，达18.48%。 结论 德阳地区健康体检人群中甲功检查异常检出率较高，健康体检能及时发现亚临床甲功异常，尤其应该注重40～49岁人群的甲功检查。

Hypothyroidism and risk of atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis

ObjectivesTo systematically review the relationship between hypothyroidism and the risk of atrial fibrillation.MethodPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect cohort and case-control studies on the association between hypothyroidism and atrial fibrillation from inception to November 2019. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 5 cohort studies involving 574 268 subjects and 18 059 atrial fibrillation cases were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that hypothyroidism was not associated with atrial fibrillation (OR=1.10, 95%CI 0.75 to 1.61, P=0.62). From subgroup analysis, no relationship was identified in community population (OR=0.97, 95%CI 0.72 to 1.29, P=0.82) and cardiac surgery patients (OR=1.22, 95%CI 0.58 to 2.53, P=0.60).ConclusionsHypothyroidism does not increase the risk of atrial fibrillation. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are required to verify the above conclusions.

Research progress on the relationship between hypothyroidism and atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common arrhythmias, which can cause embolism, heart failure, cardiac arrest, and other cardiovascular deaths, causing a serious economic burden on patients. Scholars have begun to explore the relationship between atrial fibrillation and hypothyroidism, including clinical hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, and threshold state of thyroid function, which means that thyroid stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine, and free thyroxine are high or low in the normal range. This article reviews the occurrence and mechanism of hypothyroidism promoting atrial fibrillation, and aims to provide a basis for clinical intervention in patients with hypothyroidism to reduce the occurrence of atrial fibrillation.