rough the ultramicroscopic observation on muscle and microcirculation, Group A,where a largeamount of DXM combined with heporin was given svstematically and locally into the femoral artery of the severed limb before replantation, and in Group B only heporin was given, and Group C and D ascontrol.The results showed that if the hormone and heparin were administred in large dosage, it wasadvantageous to reduce the tissues from reperfusion injury during delayed replantation.
Objective To establish a method for primary culture of iris pigment epithelial cells(IPE). MethodsEnzyme-Assisted microdissection was used to isolate and cultivate the IPE cells.An identification was made with microscopic and immunohistochemical observations.Results IPE were successfully sultured and showed on differences with RPE in primary culture and subculture.ConclusionEnzyme-Assisted microdissection is a reliable and quick method for the isolation of IPE.
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) is a group of diseases that severely affects the neurological development of children, characterized by frequent seizures and significant neurodevelopmental impairments. These diseases not only impact the quality of life of affected children but also impose a heavy burden on families and society. In recent years, the development of brain network theory has provided a new perspective on understanding the pathological mechanisms of DEE, especially the role of structural and functional brain networks in the process of epilepsy. This review systematically summarized the research progress of structural and functional brain networks in DEE, highlighted their importance in seizure activity, disease progression, and prognosis evaluation.
Objective To observe the morphological changes of dendrite and soma in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) which subsisted in early diabetic rats. Methods The RGCs of 3-months-course diabetic rats and coeval normal rats were marked by gene gun techniques. To collect RGCs photographs by Leica microscope with Z axis and CCD camera；to observe the changes of diameter, variance of structural features in dendritic field and somata after classification which according to the size and morphology. Thy-1 antibody marks on the retinal RGCs, taking a photograph under fluorescent microscope, counting the changes of retinal RGCs density in early diabetic rat. Results In three-month diabetic rats,the density of retinal RGCs was decreased obviously. Morphological changes of RGCs in the dendritic fields were observed with gene gun technique. There was no severe variation in all kinds of the bole of cell dendrite, in which some only showed crispation partially and sparseness also twisting in the dendritic ramus. The mean diameter of dendritic field and soma in class A of diabetic rats was (401plusmn;86) mu;m, the mean diameter of dendritic field in control group was (315plusmn;72) mu;m,compared with each other, there is statistically significant differences (t=21.249，Plt;0.001); the mean diameter of soma in class A of diabetic rats was (24plusmn;6) mu;m, the mean diameter of soma in control group was (22plusmn;5) mu;m, compared with each other, there is no statistically significant differences (t=0.927，Pgt;0.05); the mean diameter of dendritic field and soma in class B of diabetic rats were (170plusmn;36)、(14plusmn;2) mu;m respectively, in control group were (165plusmn;36)、(16plusmn;2) mu;m, the mean diameter of dendritic field and soma in class C of diabetic group were(265plusmn;78)、(17plusmn;5) mu;m respectively, in control group were (251plusmn;57)、(17plusmn;4) mu;m , compared with each other, there are on statistically significant differences(t=1.357，0.798，0.835，1.104，Pgt;0.05). Conclusions In short-term diabetes, the survived RGCs show good plasticity in adult diabetic rats, especially in class A. The changes of dendrites were more sensitive than the soma, which could be the leading index of the morphologic changes of RGCs in the early stage. The good plasticity showed by the RGCs and the time window from changing in dendrite to cell death provide us many evidences not only for the research but also for the nerve protection in clinic. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2008,24:249-254)
In order to investigate the effect of nerve compression on neurons, the commonly used model of chronic nerve compression was produced in 48 SD rats. The rats were sacrificed in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months after compression, respectively. The number of neuron and ultrashruchure of alpha-motor neurons and ganglion cells of the corresponding spinal segment were examined. The results showed as following: After the sciatic nerve were crushed, the number of neuron and ultrastructure of alpha-motor neurons and ganglion cells might undergo ultrastructural changes, and even the death might occur. These changes might be aggravated as the time of crushing was prolonged and the compression force was increased. It was concluded that for nerve compression, decompression should be done as early as possible in order to avoid or minimize the ultructural changes of the neuron.
Objective To observe the enzymic histochemical and ultrastructral changes of cryopreserved human retina. Methods To compare the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)， succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and ATPase in cryopreserved retina with those in fresh retina and to observe the histological and ultrastructural changes of cryopreserved retina. Results There was no statistical difference between the activity of LDH，SDH and ATPase in fresh and in cryopreserved retina. Histologically, in the cryopreserved retina, fluid in neural fiber and outer plexiform layers, as well as in cone and rod layer, was sligthly more than normal. The ultrastructure is normal except that the mitochondria was swollen in different degree. Conclusion Cryopreservation may be an effective method for keeping the retinal cells alive for a long period and might free the transplantation from dependance on aviability of fresh dornor tissue. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2000，16：139-212)
In order to study the influence of severity of tendon injury on the morphology of collagen fibers during healing process of extensor tendons, 40 female Wistal rats were used for investigation. The rats were divided into 2 groups. Transection of the tendon of extensor digitorum longus was performed in one group, while partial section of the same tendon was performed in the other group. Morphometric analysis was undertaken on the 15th, 30th, 60th and 90th day after operation. The result was that there was no significant difference between the two groups both in distribution and diameter of collagen fibers on the 15th and 30th days (P gt; 0.05). However, there was significent difference between those on the 60th and 90th days (P lt; 0.05). It was concluded that the severity of the tendon injury could influence the morphology of collagen fibers during the late stage of tendon healing.
Objective To find an effective method of surgical treatment of fibrous dysplasia of bone involving the proximal femur. Methods From January 2001 to January 2006, 57 patients with fibrous dysplasia of bone involving the proximal femur were treated. There were 29 males and 28 females, aging 8-50 years (mean 22 years). Thirty-five patients wereinvolved one bone and 22 patients were involved more than two bones. According to Guille’s classification, there were 34 cases of type A, 8 cases of type B, 8 cases of type C and 7 cases of type D. Fourteen cases compl icated by coax varus and the neck-shaft angle of femur was 78° on average (55-100°). The duration of the disease was 2.3 years on average (4 months to 10 years). The choice of the various operative procedures depended on the qual ity of the bone and the extent of the lesion. When the qual ity of the bone was good, then curettage and bone-grafting was performed. When the qual ity of the bone was poor, curettage and bone-grafting combined with internal fixation was performed. Medial displacement valgus or valgus osteotomies were used to treat fibrous dysplasia of bone involving the proximal part of the femur with coax varus. Results All patients were followed up for 6 months to 5 years with an average of 2.8 years. All bone graft were absorbed sl ightly at 3 months and markedly at 10 to 14 months postoperatively. The femoral mechanical al ignments were corrected completely radiologically in patients compl icated by coax varus; the average neck-shaft angle was corrected from 78° (55-100°) preoperatively to 122° (95-130°) postoperatively. The relative length of femur was increased 1.8-3.6 cm (mean 2.7 cm). After operation, 49 patients could walk without support, 5 with claudication, 3 ambulated with the aid of unilateral cane. Pain disappeared in 52 patients and pain was improved in 5 patients. No infections and recurrent fracture and progression of the deformity occurred in all patients. Conclusion Impactionallograft is the key of prompting allograft incorporating fully and preventing pathological fracture. An effective internal fixation must be used when the qual ity of the bone is poor. Medial displacement valgus or varus osteotomies can correct varus deformity, improve function, as well as restore biomechanical axis of femur. It is also able to effectively eradicate lesions and prevent recurrence.
Objective:To observe the intervention effect of the tetra methylpyraz ine on the rds mice with retinitis pigmentosa. Methods:A total of 84 rds mice were randomly divided into 2 groups, with 42 mice in each group. The mice in the experimental group underwent intraperitoneal cavity injection with hydrochlor i c tetramethylpyrazine (80 mg/kg, twice per day) at the date of birth and till 35 days after birth, whereas the normal saline was injected into the intraperito n eal cavity of rats in the control group. The mice were sacrificed 0, 3, 7, 14, 2 1, 28, 35 days after birth, and the eyeballs were enucleated for the routine pat hologic examination with the light microscope. The apoptosis of photoreceptor ce ll nuclei was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP n i ck endlabeling (TUNEL) technigue and the expression of bcl2 in retina was de tect by immunohistochemistry method. Results:The results of li ght microscopy s howed that the layer number of retinal photoreceptor cell nuclei with tetramethy lpyrazine treatment was increased 14, 21, 28, 35 days after the treatment compar ed with that in the control group（P＜0.01）. The results of electron-micro scope suggested that tetramethylpyrazine might reduce lesions in the photoreceptor cells and the destruction of the disc member, mitochondrion，and outer limiting me mbrane in the photoreceptor outer segment in rds mice. The apoptosis of the phot oreceptor cell nuclei reduced in rds mice 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after the treatment compared with that in the control group （P＜0.01）. The express ion of bcl-2 in the matrix of retinal photoreceptor cell nuclei and its inner and o u ter segments increased significantly in rds mice 3，7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days af ter the treatment （P＜0.05）. Conclusions:Tetramethylpyra zine might reduce ret inal photoreceptor apoptosis by upregulating the expression of bcl-2 in the m at rix of retinal photoreceptor cell nuclei or its inner and outer segments in rds mice.