目的 总结基层医院初期开展腹腔镜直肠癌根治术的临床经验。 方法 回顾分析2008年10月-2009年10月收治的20例腹腔镜直肠癌手术的临床资料。 结果 16例顺利完成手术，4例中转开腹，1例发生吻合口瘘。随访2~10个月，均无操作孔种植及肿瘤复发。 结论 采用手术者已习惯的手术路径，电刀、超声刀相结合游离直肠肠管，直视下裸化和用凯途闭合肠管，缩短了手术学习曲线,降低了手术成本，有助于在基层医院推广。
Objective To explore the safety, effectiveness, operation mode and clinical value of the laparoscopic colorectal resection. Methods The clinical data and experiences of laparoscopic resection for 18 cases with colorectal neoplasm from Jun. 2007 to Mar. 2008 were studied retrospectively. Results Among 18 cases, there were 5 cases of rectal cancer, 6 cases of sigmoid colon carcinoma, 2 cases of sigmoid colonic polyp, 2 cases of descending colon carcinoma, 2 cases of ascending colon carcinoma and 1 case of ascending colonic lipoma. Fifteen cases of laparoscopic colorectal resection were performed successfully, including Dixon procedure 4 cases, Miles operation 1 case, radical resection of sigmoid colon 5 cases, palliative resection of sigmoid colon 2 cases, left hemicolectomy 2 cases and right hemicolectomy 1 case. Three cases converted to laparotomy due to adiposity or advanced status of local disease. Average intraoperative blood loss was 110 ml. The average number of lymph nodes dissected was 13.5. It took about 40 hours to restore intestinal function. The average time of hospitalization was 9 days. No one died during operation and no complications such as anastomotic leakage and postoperative hemorrhage occurred. Conclusion Laparoscopic resection for colorectal neoplasms possesses less trauma and rapid postoperative recovery. Laparoscopic colorectal surgery is safe and effective with skill and indication.
Objective To study the effectiveness of local excision of low rectal tumor by Mason operation. Methods Twenty-our patients with low rectal tumor underwent Mason operation from 1997-2002 and their information was collected and studied. Results o recurrence was observed in the follow-p period from 5 months to 6 years after operation.Conclusion Mason operation for resection of tumor in low segment of rectum has the advantages of easy manipulation, minimal invasiveness and good exposure in operation.
Objective To study the effect of gastrin receptor antagonist on large intestine cancer patients with liver metastatic. Methods Thirty eight patients received chemotherapy in control group, in therapy group 46 patients received chemotherapy and gastrin receptor antagonist pruglumide 1 200 mg/day. Follow-up was done each month in two groups. Results In control group, liver metastatic cancer increased 8.1±2.2 cm， 1-year mortality was 55.3% (21/38), and in therapy group, liver metastatic cancer increased 3.5±1.2 cm, the mortality was 21.7% (10/46), which was significantly lower than that in control group (Ｐ＜0.01).Conclusion Gastrin receptor antagonist can delay cancer proliferation, prolong survival time and decrease death rate of colon cancer patients with liver metastasis.
目的 探讨原发性小肠肿瘤的诊治方法。方法 对我院1983年至1999年手术治疗的原发性小肠肿瘤患者57例的资料进行回顾性分析。结果 良性肿瘤21例(36.8%)，恶性肿瘤36例(63.2%)； 行根治性切除46例，局部切除6例，捷径手术加活检5例。手术近期死亡1例，其余56例均痊愈或好转出院。结论 提高对本病的认识，合理的辅助检查，是确诊本病，减少误诊的重要措施。手术是治疗本病的主要方法。
【摘要】 目的 探讨结直肠癌致肠梗阻的诊断和治疗。方法 回顾性分析2003年1月—2008年12月间72例结直肠癌致肠梗阻的外科诊治资料。结果 72例患者中肿瘤位于右半结肠23例,左半结肠29例,直肠16例,回盲部4例。其中63例手术治疗,一期切除吻合46例,Hartmann术7例,单纯造口10例。有9例因肿瘤全身广泛转移等因素自动放弃手术治疗。结论 重视对结直肠癌致肠梗阻的认识、合理选择手术方式、做好围手术期处理是减少并发症、提高疗效的重要措施。
目的:探讨原发性小肠肿瘤的临床特点、诊断及治疗方法, 提高对原发性小肠肿瘤的诊断水平及鉴别能力,降低误诊率。方法:对我院 1993~2008 年收治的 59 例原发性小肠肿瘤的临床资料进行回顾分析。结果:小肠肿瘤起病隐匿,缺乏特异症状,临床表现有腹痛、贫血、消瘦、便血、肠梗阻及发热等,术前经行内窥镜、X 线、B 超及 CT 等检查,术前确诊仅有 11 例,误诊率达 81.36 %。十二指肠 18 例(30.51 %),空肠 13 例(22.03 %),回肠 29 例(49.15 %)。59 例均经手术证实诊断,其中良性肿瘤 14 例(23.73 %),恶性肿瘤 45 例(76.27 %), 腺癌发病率最高 22 例(37.29 %)。良性肿瘤行了局部肠壁或肠段切除,恶性肿瘤 19 例进行根治性切除,其他行姑息切除或改道。本组病例中无围手术期死亡病例。45 例恶性肿瘤病例中, 25 例患者术后进行了2~6 次不等的辅助化疗并获得随访 6 个月至 5 年,39 例死亡,存活 5 年以上 6 例。结论:原发性小肠肿瘤恶性率高,临床上往往缺乏特征性表现,目前临床上没有有效的诊断手段和方法,误诊率较高,预后差。因此,临床医师对本病的警惕性是诊断此病的关键所在。对反复腹痛、消瘦、腹部包块、肠梗阻、不明原因消化道出血等临床表现患者应高度怀疑小肠肿瘤,及早剖腹探查,改善预后。
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo detect the expression of human papilloma virus(HPV) 16 E7 was detected in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissue and normal mucosa. MethodsEighty-two patients with primary colorectal adenocarcinoma were selected in this study. The samples were taken from the tumor and the adjacent normal mucosa (10 cm away from the tumor) in each patient. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to detect HPV16 E7 DNA and protein respectively. ResultsHPV16 E7 DNA expression was significantly higher in colorectal carcinoma (51.22%,42/82) than that in adjacent normal mucosa (4.88%,4/82), P＜0.01. A correlation was found between HPV16 E7 DNA expression and tumor location (P＜0.05)，18.18% in the ascending colon carcinoma and 64.10% in the rectal carcinoma. HPV16 E7 DNA expression was also associated with Dukes stage（P＜0.01）, but was not correlated with cancer differentiation. HPV16 E7 protein expression was mainly dectected in the nuclei of tumor cells with immunohistochemistry. There was a correlation between the expression of HPV16 E7 protein and HPV16 E7 gene. PCR had a higher sensitivity than immunohistochemistry. ConclusionHPV16 infection rate is much higher in the colorectal carcinoma than that in the adjacent normal mucosa, which indicates that HPV16 infection exists in some colorectal carcinomas. The high infection rate of HPV16 E7 is associated with advanced Dukes stage and proximity to anus.
目的 探讨Miles手术重建盆底腹膜困难时的处理对策。方法 对Miles手术重建盆底腹膜困难的患者，根据其大网膜的解剖情况，将带血管蒂大网膜经左或右结肠旁沟放入骶前腔，利用大网膜去填塞骶前腔或修补盆底腹膜缺损。结果 3例患者分别用带蒂大网膜加气囊填塞骶前腔、带蒂大网膜单纯填塞骶前腔、带蒂大网膜修补盆底腹膜等方法，减轻了缝合盆底腹膜时的张力，使盆底腹膜得以顺利重建。结论 用带血管蒂大网膜填塞骶前腔或修补盆底腹膜缺损，可防止Miles术后并发症发生，促进患者早日康复。