In order to verify the effectiveness of neural stump buried into the muscle in the prevention and treatment of neuroma, 17 cases were reported, in which 8 cases having 19 painful neuromas and 9 cases having 13 amputated meural stumps, buried into muscle. They wese followed up for 6 months to 40 months, It was shown that good and excellent results were obtained and no evidence of neuroma was observed in all cases except in one which had painful neuroma occurred from the failure of embedment of the neural stump into the muscle. The conclusion was that the neural stump buried into muscle was an effective method for the prevention and treatment of neuroma.
Objective To review various kinds of therapeutic methods for restenosis after reconstructive vascular operation. Methods The literatures about prevention and treatment for restenosis after reconstructive vascular operation were reviewed. Results Therapeutic methods for vascular restenosis include gene therapy, drug treatment, placing external stent around the vein graft and physical therapy. The methods of gene therapy include transferring genes that inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) and inactivating genes that promote the proliferation of VSMC through technology of antisensenucleic acids or RNA interference. Conclusion Current treatment for restenosis after reconstructive varscular operation have both advantages and disadvantages, some of which are still being disputed. With the development of the technology of molecular biology, gene therapy would be the most effective therapy method for vascular restenosis.
胆道并发症发生率的高低往往代表了一个肝移植中心的整体技术水平。欧美成熟的肝移植中心胆道并发症发生率为7%~10%，1年生存率达到90%。来自中国肝移植登记注册网（CTLR）的资料： 香港玛丽医院2006年统计了香港公民在大陆进行肝移植的148例患者，在长期随访中发现，有48%的受体发生了胆道并发症，1年生存率只有59%； 说明目前肝移植胆道并发症的防治仍然是亟待解决的难题。究其原因，还是对胆管微循环保护的研究不够深入和并发症发生的防治体系不够完善，笔者就此谈几点体会。1胆管微循环保护的理论人体肝脏胆管及血管铸型模型的研究显示，胆管为动脉单一供血，肝固有动脉和胃十二指肠动脉终末支分出3点、9点动脉滋养肝外胆管，并构成肝门部胆管周围血管丛(peribiliary vascular plexus,PVP)，胆管的动脉系统与门静脉之间无明显的交通血管，门静脉在胆管的血液供应中作用有限 (图1)。在动脉损伤时胆管很难从别的途径获得充分的血液供应，从而造成胆管的缺血性损伤。碳素墨汁灌注透明法显示，肝门部每个肝叶胆管及其分叉部均有肝固有动脉的较大分支支配，肝动脉的分支与胆管壁微血管之间呈垂直的连接方式。胆管厚切片透明后可清楚地显示出PVP的平面结构: 外层微血管直径较粗，内层微血管象链条一样排列，中层微血管连接在内、外层之间[３](图2)。动脉血流从外层较粗大血管流入位于胆管黏膜下的内层微血管，它是胆管动脉的终末分支,由内层微血管滋养的胆管上皮细胞层是胆管最易受损的部位(Achilles heel)。所以，肝移植中胆管动脉灌洗非常重要，应尽可能选用能够进入胆管黏膜内层血管网的低黏滞度灌注液。笔者研究证实了HCA液结合UW液灌注快速获取无心跳供体（NHBD）的肝脏，其保存效果优于单用UW液、Celsior液或HTK液，采用价廉低黏滞度HCA液联合UW液灌注，既能防止胆管PVP微血栓形成，又能充分发挥UW液对肝细胞和胆管细胞的保护作用.............................
ObjectiveTo investigate the reason, prevention, and treatment measures of gastrointestinal unplanned reoperation. MethodsClinical data of 21 patients who carried out gastrointestinal unplanned reoperation for various reasons from Jun. 2012 to Jun. 2013 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsTwenty-one of 2 492 patients with gastrointestinal tract surgery carried out gastrointestinal unplanned reoperation, and the incidence of reoperation was 0.8%. The causes of reoperation were intra-abdominal hemorrhage in 10 cases, gastrointestinal fistula in 7 cases, inflammatory intestinal obstruction with peritonitis in 1 case, and incision dehiscence in 3 cases. After undergoing suture hemostasis, colostomy, anastomotic fistula repair, debridement, and suture,20 cases were cured or improved, and 1 case died. The median of hospitalization expense was 76 000 yuan(46 000-116 000 yuan), and the median of hospital stay was 25-day(16-49 days). ConclusionsGastrointestinal unplanned reoperation can cause more serious economic and emotional burden to patients, standardizing surgical procedure and enhancing perioperative monitoring can reduce the incidence of unplanned reoperation. In addition, grasp legitimately the indications of reoperation, implement timely, and effective reoperation can avoid further deterioration of the disease.
Objective We investigated and analyzed past and ongoing welfare programs related to health equity, and the relevant policies, documents, and interventions measures for improving China’s migrant worker population’s accessibility and utilization of tuberculosis (TB) control services in TB control programs. Then we evaluated their impactin order to provide evidence and suggestions for the further TB prevention and treatment. Methods We retrieved published documents about TB prevention and treatment of the migrant worker population dating from 1998 to 2008 from MEDLINE, PubMed, CNKI, CBMdisc CDDB, and VIP electronically. Simultaneously, a series of interviews was conducted with patients who used the programs. Results Totally, 58 documents were retrieved. Of these documents 13 passed eligibility criteria: eight have been published, five have not been published, and only one of them is RCT with B degree for quality of evidence. Secondary document research has suggested that the intervention measures that have been adopted concerning TB in China, including health promotion, providing incentive, patient tracking and supervision management. Although tuberculosis cure rates have improved, the scene interviews show that the majority of TB and suspected cases of patients don’t have enough knowledge on TB prevention and free treatment policies. It is often difficult to track the migrant population. TB detection and treatment still need to be enhanced. Conclusions There it is lack of high-quality documents about good intervention design, so it is difficult to make a objective and fair evaluation to the effects of intervention on the migrant population. In the future, we should carry out large-scale, multicenter, high-quality RCTs specifically for TB controlin the migrant population in order to provide evidencefor making a scientific and feasible intervention project.
Objective To investigate the cognition degree and clinical use of new COPD classification system of 2011 GOLD in respiratory specialists, and further analyze the reasons of failing to clinical use. Methods Respiratory specialists from 42 hospitals in Chongqing were investigated through questionnaire survey. The questionnaire contains two parts. The first part contains nine questions about the knowledge of 2011 GOLD new COPD classification system and its clinical use. The second part contains six questions about the reasons of failing to clinical use of the COPD classification system. Results A total of 204 valid questionnaires were recovered. More than 90% respiratory specialists had understood the new COPD classification system with different degree, and believed it is suitable for clinical use. More than twothirds respiratory specialists knew well the ways about CAT and mMRC, but only 24% specialists were using these ways. The main reasons of failing to clinical use were as follows: 60% specialists believed the pulmonary function test can evaluate the COPD classification, and 66. 7% specialists were limited by short visit time. The cognition degree and clinical use of the new COPD classification systemin the specialists from third grade A class hospitals was better than those from the other hospitals. But the difference was not significant among specialists with different professional title.Conclusion Respiratory specialists in Chongqing knew well about the new COPD classification systemin 2011 GOLD, but did not use it widely in clinical works due to the complicated operation of the new COPD classification system.
Abstract: Esophageal carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumours in China, surgery is one of the traditional therapy with a high complications rate. Among them, the anastomotic fistula was significant. At present, with the development of surgical technique, the incidence of anastomotic fistula become lower day by day, postoperative pulmonary complications of esophageal carcinoma has taken place of anastomotic fistula and become the main complications. The causes of pulmonary complication including pulmonary embolism, infection and acute lung injury have been revealed by recent researches. This article reviews the pathogenesis， prophylaxis and therapeutics of postoperative pulmonary complications of esophageal carcinoma.
In 2022, the National Cancer Center (NCC) of China reported the nationwide statistics of 2016 using population-based cancer registry data from all available cancer registries in China, which was mainly about the cancer incidence and mortality. Cancer remains a major health problem currently in our country and requires long term cooperation to deal with. This article provided a key point interpretation and analysis of cancer prevalence data in China, and provided an analysis of several main risk factors for cancer, which was conducive to the development of cancer prevention and control programs in different regions.