ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical characteristics and epidemiological characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 treated early in Jiangxi province.MethodsFour-night patients with coronavirus disease 2019 treated in this hospital from January 21st to 27th, 2020 were included in this study. The epidemiological and clinical data of patients after admission were collected, and laboratory tests such as blood routine, urine routine, stool routine, liver and kidney function, electrolytes, myocardial enzymes, erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), calcitonin, coagulation, T cell subset and Chest CT were reviewed. The clinical results of common and severe/critically ill patients were compared.ResultsOf the 49 patients, 40 were common and 9 were severe/critical. Fourty-six patients had a clear history of contact with Wuhan or other areas of Hubei. The sex ratio was 2.06∶1, and the average age was 42.9 years. The symptoms were mainly fever (78.7%), cough (38.8%), and fatigue (18.4%). 28.6% (14 cases) of patients had hypertension and diabetes. Serum lymphocyte count and calcium concentration of the patients were decreased, but lactate dehydrogenase, ESR, CRP and serum amyloid A were increased in these patients. T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+) decreased significantly in these patients. Forty-seven patients (95.9%) had single or scattered patchy ground glass density shadows on the chest CT. Compared with common patients, the patients with severe/critical patients were older (P=0.023), hospitalized later (P=0.002), and had higher comorbidities (P=0.017). ESR (P=0.001）, CRP (P=0.010) and the serum amyloid A (P=0.040) increased significantly, while CD3+ (P<0.001), CD4+ (P=0.012), CD8+ (P=0.006) decreased significantly in severe/critical patients.ConclusionsThe patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Jiangxi province are commonly imported from Wuhan. Severe/critical patients are older, hospitalized later, and have more medical complications and more severe systemic inflammatory reactions than common patients.
Objective To explore the characteristics of diagnosis and treatment for the rectal cancer in the young patients （≤40 years）．Methods The domestic and abroad literatures about the research on the progress of rectal cancer in the young patients were reviewed, the clinical data of patients with rectal cancer were compared between the young patients and the other age patients, the characteristics of diagnosis and treatment for the rectal cancer in the young patients were summarized．Results The onsets of the young patients with rectal cancer were related to the diet，lifestyle, and genetic factors．Compared with the older patients, more later stage, higher percentage of poor differentiation, earlier lymph node metastasis were found in the young patients with rectal cancer．Rectal cancer of the young patients was often misdiagnosed and with a poor prognosis．Currently，surgery assisted with neoadjuvant therapy was generally acknowledged as a better method．Conclusions It has specificity in epidemiology, pathology, treatment, prognosis, and so on for rectal cancer in the young patients, but surgery needs further research．
Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) is commonly used to treat arrhythmias. The amount of CIED implantation has increased year by year since its first application in 1958. At the same time, the CIED infection rate also increases significantly. Although the infection rate is very low for the primary implantation, the consequences of CIED infection are serious, and it is often necessary to remove the equipment for treatment. The mortality rate in patients with CIED infections is high, and the economic burden is huge. In this paper, the epidemiology, pathogenesis and pathogen, manifestations and diagnosis, risk factors, treatment and preventive measures of CIED infection were systematically described based on the recently published guidelines and international consensus literature, so as to provide theoretical guidance for the prevention of CIED infections.
ObjectiveTo explore the epidemiological characteristics and analyze the related diagnosis and treatment information of wound outpatient cases in a tertiay hospital in Leshan City.MethodsThe data of cases admitted to the wound clinic in a tertiary hospital of Leshan City between January 1st, 2017 and December 31st, 2019 were retrospectively collected. The SPSS software was used for statistical analyses in terms of basic patient information, wound type and dressing use, number of visits and expenses.ResultsA total of 10 880 cases were enrolled. The average age of the patients treated was (45.23±13.45) years old. Patients from the Central District, where the hospital was located in, accounted for the highest proportion (38.63%). The proportion of acute skin and soft tissue injuries was higher than that of chronic skin and soft tissue injuries (62.51% vs. 37.49%). According to the proportions from high to low, the top three chronic skin and soft tissue injuries were postoperative refractory wounds (19.63%), skin and soft tissue infections (3.90%), and stoma complications (3.04%), respectively. A total of 22 937 functional wound dressings were used, of which non-woven outer dressings accounted for 47.52%. Patients with acute skin and soft tissue injuries had a higher healing rate compared with those with chronic skin and soft tissue injuries (96.65% vs. 43.03%, P<0.05). The type of skin and soft tissue injuries with the most visits was cancerous wound [the median (lower quartile, upper quartile) was 68 (35, 121) visits], and the one with the least visits was acute skin and soft tissue injuries [the median (lower quartile, upper quartile) was 2 (1, 7) visits].ConclusionsAs the distance between residence and hospital grows, the number of patients decreases, suggesting that the specialized nursing assistance has achieved initial results in remote areas, but the task of assistance in surrounding areas is still heavy. The type of skin and soft tissue injuries is changing under the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery, and wound care plays an important role in the recovery of patients after surgery. The concept of wet healing and new dressings to promote wound healing are widely used, but still need to be further popularized among patients and medical staff. For chronic wounds that are more expensive to treat, it is necessary to formulate comprehensive treatment plans such as wound treatment, psychological support, and systemic nutrition to promote healing.
ObjectiveTo investigate the status quo of emergency resources in all township hospitals in a county of Aba Autonomous Region. MethodWe set up a uniform electronic version questionnaire between April 15th and 18th, 2015. The leaders of township hospitals filled in their information and uploaded the data including emergency medical services, human resources, medical device and technology application situation. Then, the data were statistically analyzed. ResultsFor these township hospitals, the service population was 2 206.05±846.95, the service radius was (25.5±14.3) km. The number of registered doctors per 1 000 people of resident population was 1.52, the number of registered nurses per 1 000 people of resident population was 0.47, and the number of hospital beds per 1 000 people of resident population was 1.69. The staff in all township hospitals included 74 doctors and 23 nurses. The constitution of positional titles and academic qualifications of doctors and nurses in these township hospitals was not significantly different (P>0.05). All township hospitals had a total of six ambulances, one of which was ambulance for rescue and monitoring, and the others were ordinary ambulances. The devices equipped in the ambulances and hospitals were not sufficient, and most doctors and nurses could only perform surrounding vein puncture, and debridement and suture surgery. They could not recue critically ill patients alone. ConclusionsFor these township hospitals, the service radius is too long, the number of doctors and nurses is too small, and the ability of service is insufficient. In order to meet the demand of emergency resources in ethnic areas as far as possible, we should increase investment and promote medical devices, increase the number of doctors and nurses, improve the personnel structure, and strengthen professional training.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the epidemiological characteristics of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Chinese elderly population.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data and CBM databases were electronically searched to collect studies on the epidemiological characteristics of mild cognitive impairment in the elderly in China from inception to May 2019. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 12.0 software.ResultsA total of 25 studies involving 56 720 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of MCI in Chinese elderly population was 14% (95%CI 12% to 17%), in which 12.1% (95%CI 9.7% to 14.5%) was male and 14.8% (95%CI 12.5% to 17.2%) was female. The prevalence of MCI was 8% (95%CI 6.0% to 10.1%) in the elderly aged 60 to 69, 13.1% (95%CI 10.6% to 15.6%) in the elderly aged 70 to 79 and 23.4% (95%CI 18.3% to 28.6%) in the elderly aged above 80. The prevalence of MCI was 23% (95%CI 18.3% to 27.6%) in the elderly who were illiterate, 15.2% (95%CI 11.2% to 19.2%) among the elderly with a primary education and 9.8% (95%CI 7.1% to 12.6%) among the elderly with an education above junior high school. The prevalence of MCI was 9.9% (95%CI 5.5% to 14.2%) in urban areas, and 16.7% (95%CI 11.2% to 22.2%) in rural areas. The prevalence of MCI was 12.1% (95%CI 7.7% to 16.5%) in married individuals and 17.1% (95%CI 13.9% to 20.2%) in single individuals. The prevalence of MCI was 15.4% (95%CI 11.4% to 19.4%) in northern China, 14.1% (95%CI 11.1% to 17.2%) in eastern China, 5.4% (95%CI 3.9% to 6.9%) in northeast China, 13% (95%CI 6.2% to 19.8%) in Central-south China, 11.7% (95%CI 10.2% to 13.2%) in the southwest China and 17.4% (95%CI 2.5% to 32.3%) in northwest China. By using the diagnostic criteria proposed by Petersen, the prevalence of MCI was 15.2% (95%CI 11.8% to 18.7%), and was 12.4% (95%CI 9.4% to 15.4%) using the criteria of the DSM-Ⅳ.ConclusionsThe prevalence of MCI is high in China, and varies with gender, age, education, location, marital status, region and diagnostic criteria.
Objective To investigate and discuss the prevalence and the relevant risk factors of bronchial asthma in Shenzhen city China. Methods We used standard scheme and questionnaire, and performed stratified-cluster-disproportional-random-sampling survey for the population of five communities. Results A total of 6 248 people were surveyed. 50.5% (3 156 of 6 248) of whom were men and 49.5% (3 092 of 6 248) were women. In this survey, forty asthma patients were found, and the overall prevalence rate was 0.64%, three groups with higher prevalence were 66 to 75 years (54‰), 56 to 65 years (23‰) and 14 to 17 years (12‰) respectively. Risk factors found that among 40 asthma patients, people often exposed to secondhand smoking were reported by 40% and children exposed to their father’s smoking from fetus were reported by 57%. People with asthma with allergic rhinitis were reported by 50%. The attacks were caused by common cold and changing temperature or inhaling cold air were 45% and 30% respectively. About 86% of children suffered from asthma before 2 years old. Conclusion This survey has basically reflected the distribution, frequency and intensity of asthma. The overall prevalence rate is 0.64% from which it would be estimated that there could be 25 900 asthma patients in Shenzhen city, the relavent data will provide basis for the future research, mass prevention and the treatment of asthma.
ObjectiveTo investigate the clinicopathologic and epidemiological characteristics of patients with gastric cancer at our hospital in the past six years． Methods A total of 958 patients with gastric cancer were selected from January 2004 to December 2009 and clinicopathologic characteristics such as basic data, pathological type, tumor location, and TNM stage were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsOf the 958 patients，697 cases (72.8%) were male and 261 cases (27.2%) were female, and the age ranged from 26 to 91 years old (mean 62.6 years old). The occurrence rate of gastric cancer was higher in the patients of 46-65 years old (49.4%, 473/958) than that in the patients of ≥66 years old (42.3%, 405/958) and ≤45 years old (8.3%, 80/958). Regarding pathologic type, the majority of advanced gastric cancers (70.1%) were Borrmann Ⅱ, the adenocarcinoma and signetring cell carcinoma accounted for 82.3% and 7.8%, respectively. The cancer of gastric cardia accounted for 53.0%. Stagestratified analysis revealed that the majority of gastric cancers (47.4%) were stage Ⅲ. Conclusion①A prevalence of gastric cancer is found in middle, elderly male patients. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in cardia is prominent. ②Patients with high malignant ganstrie cancer are younger. ③The majority of patients who underwent the surgical treatments have advanced or metastatic tumor, therefore it is necessary to improve the early diagnosis of gastric cancer.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis (CMVR) is a common opportunistic infection of the eye after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with hematological diseases. It often occurs within 3 months after the operation, with CMV activation and high blood CMV peaks. It often occurs on patients with long-term CMV viremia, human leukocyte antigen incompatible transplantation, unrelated donor transplantation, haploid transplantation, childhood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, delayed lymphocyte engraftment, acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease after surgery. The visual prognosis of patients is related to the area of CMVR lesions on the retina, the number of quadrants involved, whether the macula is involved, and the CMV load of the vitreous body is involved, and it is not related to whether the Epstein-Barr virus infection is combined with blood and vitreous humor. The incidence of CMVR is increasing year by year. It is helpful that paying attention to systemic risk factors and epidemiology can provide more effective guidance for ophthalmologists during diagnosis and treatment, help patients improve the prognosis of vision, and reduce or even avoid the occurrence of blindness caused by CMVR.
ObjectivesTo estimate the basic reproduction number of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and to provide support to epidemic preparedness and response.MethodsBased on the susceptible–exposed–infected–removed (SEIR) compartment model and the assumption that the infection cases with symptoms occurred before January 26, 2020 were resulted from free propagation without intervention, we estimated the basic reproduction number of 2019-nCoV according to the reported confirmed cases and suspected cases, as well as theoretical estimated number of infected cases by other research teams, together with some epidemiological determinants learned from the severe acute respiratory syndrome.ResultsThe basic reproduction number fall between 2.8 to 3.3 by using the real-time reports on the number of 2019-nCoV infected cases from People’s Daily in China, and fall between 3.2 and 3.9 on the basis of the predicted number of infected cases from international colleagues.ConclusionsThe early transmission capability of 2019-nCoV is close to or slightly higher than SARS. It is a controllable disease with moderate-high transmissibility. Timely and effective control measures are capable to quickly reduce further transmission.