Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of mytomycin C versus 5-fluorouracil for trabeculectomy. Methods We electronically searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Issue 3, 2008), MEDLINE (1966 to October 2008), EMbase (1947 to October 2008), CMBdisk (1979 to October 2008).We also handsearched relevant conference proceedings. Data were extracted by two reviewers independently using an extraction form. The Cochrane Collaboration’ s RevMan 5.0 software was used for statistical analyses. Results Nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 482 participants (495eyes) were identified. The trials enrolled three types of participants (high risk of failure, moderate risk of failure, low risk of failure). As for high risk of failure, compared with mytomycin C, 5-fluorouracil appeared to increase the rate of postoperative complications (RR –5.74, 95%CI –9.91, –1.58). No significant differences were found in postoperative mean intraocular pressure(IOP) (WMD –?2.31, 95%CI –?7.34, 2.71), success rate (RR 1.13, 95%CI 0.91, 1.39) and visual acuity ≥3-line decrease (RR 1.46, 95%CI 0.43, 4.94). As for low risk of failure, there were no significant differences in success rate (RR 1.10, 95%CI 0.99, 1.22) and postoperative complications (RR 1.00, 95%CI –6.21, 8.21). Conclusion In both groups of high risk and low risk of failure, there are no significant differences in postoperative mean IOP and success rate. However, in the group of high risk of failure, compared with 5-fluorouracil, mytomycin C appears to raise the rate of postoperative complications; the rate of reducing the eyes pressure cannot be concluded based on current evidence. However, as the number of the studied cases is rather small and the period of observation is also limited, long-term follow-up of multi-central RCTs with a larger number of cases are still needed before definite conclusions can be made. Further studies are also needed to better determine the pharmacokinetics and cost-effective analyses involving the use of the two agents for glaucoma filtering surgery.
Objective To evaluate the effect of the allied chemotherapy with 5-Fu、leucovorin (CF) and levamisole (LV) after resection of colorectal cancer. Methods 242 cases were divided randomly into three groups. 80 cases (group Ⅰ) were treated with 5-Fu and CF. 80 cases(groupⅡ) were treated with 5-Fu and LV. 82 cases (group Ⅲ) were treated with 5-Fu、CF and LV. Results The recurrence rates of group Ⅲ was 12.20%, which was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (26.25%) and group Ⅱ(27.50%). (P＜0.05). The 5-year survival rates in group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were 37.50%, 35.00% and 58.54%, respectively, the highest one was in Group Ⅲ (P＜0.01). Conclusion The allied chemotherapy with 5-Fu、CF and LV is an effective therapy for petients of colorectal cancer after surgery, which can significantly decrease the recurrence and improve the 5-year survival rate.
Objective To explore the effects of intraperitoneal chemotherapy with fluorouracil (FU) on the growth and metastasis of tumor cells in carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum. Methods Fifty male H-22 mice of clean grade were selected and randomly assigned into 5 groups in each group with 10: simple implantation group, pneumoperitoneum group, pneumoperitoneum and NS group, pneumoperitoneum and low concentration (5.0 g/L) of FU group and pneumoperitoneum and high concentration (10.0 g/L) of FU group. All mice were executed after 11 days to observe the weight and the implantation of tumor in abdominal wall. Then the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The tumor weight was significantly higher in pneumoperitoneum and high concentration of FU group compared with other groups except pneumoperitoneum and low concentration of FU group (P＜0.05, P＜0.01 ). The inhibition rate of tumor was 64.5% in pneumoperitoneum and high concentration of FU group. The diameter of portsite implantation nodus was significantly bigger in pneumoperitoneum and NS group compared with pneumoperitoneum and low concentration of FU group and pneumoperitoneum and high concentration of FU group (P＜0.01). The expressions of PCNA and VEGF of ascites and portsite implantation nodus were significantly different in every group, respectively (P＜0.05, P＜0.01). Conclusion There is inhibitive effect of intraperitoneal chemotherapy with high concentration of FU on the growth and metastasis of S-180 tumor cells in CO2 pneumoperitoneum, which may be associated with downregulation of PCNA and VEGF expressions.
ObjectiveTo investigate MUC1 over-expression on chemotherapy of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin for esophageal cancer cells. MethodsMUC1 over-expression and stable silencing of MUC1 expression esophageal cancer cell lines were constructed. Xenograft model of esophageal cancer was established in nude mice. Cisplatin (8 mg/kg, day 1 and day 7)and 5-fluorouracil (20 mg/kg, day 1 to 6)were injected intraperitoneally. Tumor volume and body weight of nude mice were measured. Tumor growth curve and body weight curve were drawn, and tumor inhibitory rate was calculated. ResultsBoth cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil suppressed tumor growth of MUC1 over-expression esophageal cancer nude mice. Body weight and tumor volume of nude mice of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil groups were significantly smaller than those of the control group (P < 0.05), and the inhibitory effects of cisplatin were significantly greater than those of 5-fluorouracil (P < 0.05). There was no significant inhibitory effect in stable silencing of MUC1 expression esophageal cancer nude mice. ConclusionBoth cisplatin and paclitaxel can suppress the growth of MUC1 over-expression esophageal cancer, and cisplatin has greater inhibitory effects than 5-fluorouracil in tumor volume and body weight of nude mice.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the effectiveness and safety of taxanes combined with cisplatin and fluorouracil (TFP) versus cisplatin and fluorouracil (FP) for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. MethodsDatabases such as The Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2013), PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about taxanes combined with cisplatin and fluorouracil in the treatment of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma from the date of their establishment to April 1st, 2013. Two reviewers independently screened studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and evaluated the methodological quality of included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. ResultsA total of 7 RCTs involving 2 088 patients were included. The TFP group included 1 051 cases, while the FP group included 1 037 cases. The results of meta-analyses showed that, there were significant differences between the two groups in the 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year overall survival rates (RR=1.12, 95%CI 1.02 to 1.23, P=0.02; RR=1.20, 95%CI 1.11 to 1.29, P < 0.000 01; RR=1.18, 95%CI 1.07 to 1.31, P=0.000 7), the 1-year, 2-year, and 3 year of progressions free survival (RR=1.18, 95%CI 1.08 to 1.28, P=0.000 2; RR=1.20, 95%CI 1.06 to 1.36, P=0.003; RR=1.48, 95%CI 1.25 to 1.74, P < 0.000 01), the complete remission rate (RR=1.67, 95%CI 1.26 to 2.23, P=0.000 4), and the overall response to chemotherapy (RR=1.18, 95%CI 1.11 to 1.27, P < 0.000 01). As for the side effect, the FP group was superior to the TFP group in the neutropenia (RR=1.42, 95%CI 1.24 to 1.63, P < 0.000 01), alopecia (RR=16.09, 95%CI 4.59 to 56.38, P < 0.000 1), and febrile neutropenia (RR=2.21, 95%CI 1.29 to 3.80, P < 0.004). ConclusionThe fluorouracil with cisplatin and fluorouracil for advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma might have better effects, but with higher side effects.
Objective To prepare the immunonanospheres［SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS］ against human colorectal cancer and evaluate its immunoreactivity and effects on cancer. Methods SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS was prepared by intermolecular cross-linking the monoclonal antibody SC3Ab with human serum albumin nanospheres containing 5-Fu ［HAS(5-Fu)-NS］ via new hetero-bifunctional crosslinker SPDP. Condensation test and immunoflurecence were used to evaluate the immunoreactivity, the specific binding of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS with colorectal cancer cell line SW1116 was observed by microscope and electron microscope. The specific cytotoxic effects on target cells were evaluated in vitro by MTT assay. SC3AbHSA(5-Fu)-NS, HSA(5-Fu)-NS and 5-Fu were injected into nude mice bearing human colorectal carcinoma, to study the inhibitory activity of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS in vivo. Results The immunoreactivity of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS was well preserved. SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS can bind the SW1116 cells specifically. The IC50 value for SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS on SW1116 cells was 24.6 μg/ml,which was lower than that of HSA(5-Fu)-NS(345.3 μg/ml) and 5-Fu(325.6 μg/ml). The inhibitory rate of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS on the growth of colorectal cancer xenografts was significantly higher than that of HSA(5-Fu)-NS or 5-Fu(P＜0.001).Conclusion SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS has immunoreactivity and specific active targeting to the colorectal cancer cells. The anticancer ability of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS is significantly higher than that of HSA(5-Fu)-NS and 5-Fu.
ObjectiveTo observe the effect of 5Fluorouracil(5FU) on the exocrine pancreas. MethodsThe effects of 5FU were investigated in 8 patients who had undergone pancreatoduodenectomy. The pancreatic juice was temporarily diverted to the exterior via a pancreatic duct catheter.Ten days after operation,the patients were injected intravenously with 5FU 500 mg/d for three days. The samples of pancreatic juice were taken for measurement of amylase,pH, HCO3-, Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca2+ and Mg2+.ResultsThe amylase, pH, HCO3-, Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca2+ and Mg2+ did not alteredsignificantly before and after 5FU injection.Conclusion5FU has no shortterm effect on exocrine pancreas. Therefore, improvement of acute pancreatitis cannot be achieved through inhibiting pancreatic enzymes synthesis.
ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness and safety of capacitance combined with irinotecan (CAPIRI) versus fluorouracil combined with irinotecan (FOLFIRI) for patients with advanced metastatic colorectal cancer. MethodsDatabases such as Pubmed, Embase, Wanfang data, CNKI, Cochran Library were searched from January 2000 to October 2015. We evaluated the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and then extracted data from them. RevMan 5.2 software was used to perform the meta-analysis. ResultsEight RCTs studies with 1 634 advanced metastatic colorectal cancer patients were included based on our standard. CAPIRI regimen was equal to FOLFIRI regimen in complete response rate [RR=1.17, 95%CI (0.70, 1.96), P=0.56], overall respond rate [RR=0.90, 95%CI (0.79, 1.03), P=0.12], disease control rate [RR=0.93, 95%CI (0.87, 1.00), P=0.06], median progression-free survival [HR=1.00, 95%CI (0.72, 1.37), P=0.99], and median overall survival [HR=0.94, 95%CI (0.63, 1.40), P=0.77]. For safety, higher incidence rate of grade 3/4 vomiting [RR=1.91, 95%CI (1.13, 3.22), P=0.02], diarrhea [RR=2.84, 95%CI (2.22, 3.63), P<0.000 01], hand-foot syndrome [RR=4.55, 95%CI (2.15, 9.61), P<0.000 1] were confirmed for CAPIRI. The two methods had similar toxicities: nausea [RR=0.77, 95%CI (0.64, 0.93), P=0.005], fatigue [RR=1.19, 95%CI (0.73, 1.94), P=0.47], febrile neutropenia [RR=1.59, 95%CI (0.89, 2.87), P=0.12], anemia [RR=1.74, 95%CI (0.59, 5.18), P=0.32], and leukopenia [RR=0.77, 95%CI (0.64, 0.93), P=0.005]. ConclusionCapecitabine combined with irinotecan treatment for advanced colorectal cancer is effective and its toxicity is acceptable.
ObjectiveTo investigate the lymphatic targeting of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) carbon nanoparticles in rats. Methods5-FU concentration in lymphoid tissue of rats was determined by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography after intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU carbon nanoparticle and 5-FU ordinary form (20 mg/kg body weight). Results5-FU concentration of lymphoid tissue in the 5-FU carbon nanoparticle group was higher than that in the 5-FU ordinary form group, and could sustain a longer time. Conclusion5-FU carbon nanoparticles injection can improve the drug concentration of target lymphatic organs, also has a good lymphatic targeting
Objective To assess the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) appl ied topically on the tendon adhesion and the heal ing process after the flexor tendon repair in Leghorn chickens. Methods Ninety male Leghorn chickens (weighing 3.0-3.5 kg) were randomly divided into 3 groups, with 30 chickens in each group. The flexordigitorum profundus tendons of the third right toes were transected and sutured directly. The repair site in group A was given 0.6 μL fibrin sealant (FS). In group B, the repair site was given 0.6 μL FS containing 500 ng bFGF. In group C, before the tendons were transected, they had been soaked in 5-FU solution, and then the same treatment as group B was given. Six specimens of the third toe were harvested to perform the macroscopical and histological examinations at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks, respectively, and to perform the biomechanical test at 8 weeks. Results All animals survived until the experiment was completed. All incisions healed smoothly. No rupture occurred in the reparied tendon. At 8 weeks, the adhesion degree was l ighter in group C than in group B (P lt; 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the adhesion degree between group A and groups B, C (P gt; 0.05). At 1, 2, and 4 weeks after operation, the number of fibroblast cells of group A was significantly less than that of group B (P lt; 0.05), and the number of fibroblast cells of group C was significantly less than that of group A and group B in the tendon sheath and epitenon (P lt; 0.05); however, it was significantly more than that of group A in the tendon parenchyma (P lt; 0.05), and no significant difference was observed when compared with that of group B (P gt; 0.05). At 8 weeks, no difference was found among 3 groups (P gt; 0.05). The collagen fiber content of group A was significantly less than that of group B at 4 and 8 weeks (P lt; 0.05). In the sheath and epitenon, the collagen fiber content of group A was significantly more than that of group C at 4 weeks (P lt; 0.05); however, no significant difference was found between 2 groups at 8 weeks (P gt; 0.05). The collagen fiber content of group A wassignificantly less than that of group C in the parenchyma at 4 and 8 weeks (P lt; 0.05). At all time points, the collagen fiber content of group B was significantly more than that of group C in the sheath and epitenon (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference in the parenchyma was observed between 2 groups (P gt; 0.05). The biomechanical tests showed that the gl iding excursion of the tendon in groups A, B, and C was (3.51 ± 0.56), (2.84 ± 0.42), and (4.56 ± 0.59) mm, respectively; the work of flexion was (14.08 ± 1.85), (20.62 ± 3.52), and (10.91 ± 1.53) N.mm, respectively; and the ultimate tensile strength of the tendon was (11.26 ± 1.83), (15.02 ± 2.20), and (14.40 ± 1.57) N, respectively. There were significant differences in the gl iding excursion of the tendon and the work of flexion among 3 groups (P lt; 0.05) and in the ultimate tensile strength of the tendon between group A and groups B, C (P lt; 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the ultimate tensile strength of the tendon between group B and group C (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion Local single-use bFGF and 5-FU can not only effectively promote the heal ing of flexor tendon, but also significantly reduce tendon adhesion.