ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of lung function after exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) for 60 days and the expression of miR-146 in mice.MethodsThirty SPF BALB/c mice were treated with noninvasive tracheal instillation of fine particulate matter suspension at different doses (2.5 mg/kg, 5.0 mg/kg, 10.0 mg/kg) for 2 months (two times one week), the blank group and normal saline group were set as control groups. The mice were examined and killed on the next day after the last instillation. Histopathological changes of the lungs, pro-infammatory factors levels in the lung tissues, pulmonary functions and the relative expression of miR-146a and miR-146b in the lung tissues were detected.ResultsPeak inspiratory flow (PIF) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were decreased significantly after PM2.5 exposure, however, lung resistance increased and maximal voluntary ventilation reduced from the general tendency without significant difference. Hematoxylin-eosin stain showed lymphocyte infiltration and macrophage infiltration by phagocytic particles, alveolar spacer widening, inflammatory response increased with the increase of PM2.5 exposure dosage. Pro-infammatory factors as interleukin-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α in the lung homogenate were increased significantly by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The relative expressions of miR-146a and miR-146b were up-regulated remarkablely in treatment groups compared to the control group by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, which had negative relationships with PIF and PEF.ConclusionsThe lung function of mice decreases significantly after exposure to fine particulate matter, and the expression of miR-146 is up-regulated.
ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the clinical value of miRNA-1 in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wangfang, VIP, etc databases to identify literature about miRNA-1 in the diagnosis of AMI. Quality of the included literature was assessed by (quality assessment for diagnostic accuracy studies-2, QUADAS-2). The indices of pooled sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), positivity likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnosis odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve were pooled using MetaDisc 1.4 software.ResultsA total of 12 articles were included. According to the different populations of miRNA-1 to be tested, subgroup analysis of healthy people (7 articles) and non-AMI disease groups (5 articles) was conducted. The results showed that AMI compared with healthy people, the pooled Sen was 0.78 with 95%CI 0.73 to 0.82, Spe was 0.88 with 95%CI 0.83 to 0.91 of miRNA-1 in the diagnosis of AMI. AUC of SROC curve was 0.911 2. Comparison of AMI and non-AMI patients, the pooled Sen was 0.59 with 95%CI 0.54 to 0.64, Spe was 0.74 with 95%CI 0.68 to 0.79 of miRNA-1 in the diagnosis of AMI. AUC of SROC curve was 0.743 2.ConclusionMiRNA-1 has a certain value in the diagnosis of AMI. It has an advantage in identifying AMI and patients with other systemic diseases, and can be combined with other biomarkers to diagnose AMI.
ObjectiveTo investigate the impact and mechanism of over-expression microRNA-92a (miR-92a) in clinicopathologic feature and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). MethodsThe expression levels of miR-92a and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) gene in 108 cases of colorectal cancer tissues were detected by using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-PCR), and they were categorized as low or high in relation to the median value. Then the association between different levels of miR-92a gene expression and clinicopathologic feature and prognosis of CRC patients were evaluated. Moreover, the relationship between the expressions of miR-92a and PTEN gene were analyzed. ResultsHigh expression of miR-92a not only associated with lymph node metastasis (χ2=8.045, P=0.007), distant metastasis (χ2=5.708, P=0.030), and TNM staging (χ2=6.366, P=0.019) of CRC patients, but also related to the down-regulated of PTEN gene expression (χ2=21.333, P < 0.001). However, up-regulated miR-92a expression was negatively correlated with age, gender, tumor size, tumor location, depth of invasion and tumor differentiation. In addition, Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that over-expression of miR-92a and low-expression of PTEN gene could potentially predict poor overall survival of CRC patients. ConclusionThe high expression of miR-92a can lead to a poor clinical prognosis of CRC patients through decreasing the expression level of PTEN gene.
Vascular endothelial cell(VEC) is a kind of simple squamous epithelium lined on the inner surface of blood vessels. VEC is an important barrier between the blood and tissue and it also plays a key role in regulating inflammation, thrombosis, endothelial cells mediated vasodilatation and endothelial regeneration. These processes should be controlled by a variety of complex mechanism which requires us to find out. With results of the researches in vascular endothelial cell function, the important roles that microRNA in vascular endothelial cell function draws more and more researchers' attention. MicroRNAs control gene expression in post-transcriptional level and affect the function of endothelial cells. This review focuses on the research progress on regulatory mechanism of microRNA to endothelial cell inflammation, thrombosis, vasodilation and endothelium regeneration.
Objective To review the regulation of microRNA-17-92 cluster on bone development, remodeling, and metabolism. Methods The related literature was reviewed. The clinical genetic phenotype, animal experiment, and cell research were illustrated so as to explore the possible regulatory mechanisms. Results MicroRNA-17-92 cluster is involved in physiological normal organs development, pathological neoplasm occurrence, and development. Recently, studies have shown that microRNA-17-92 cluster constitutes an intricate molecular signaling network with its upstream transcription factors and downstream targeting proteins, which controls bone development, remodeling, and metabolism exquisitely. Conclusion Present fundamental researches have certain understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of microRNA-17-92 cluster on bone development, remodeling, and metabolism. However, the exact mechanisms under these processes remain unknown.
Considering the low accuracy of prediction in the positive samples and poor overall classification effects caused by unbalanced sample data of MicroRNA (miRNA) target, we proposes a support vector machine (SVM)-integration of under-sampling and weight (IUSM) algorithm in this paper, an under-sampling based on the ensemble learning algorithm. The algorithm adopts SVM as learning algorithm and AdaBoost as integration framework, and embeds clustering-based under-sampling into the iterative process, aiming at reducing the degree of unbalanced distribution of positive and negative samples. Meanwhile, in the process of adaptive weight adjustment of the samples, the SVM-IUSM algorithm eliminates the abnormal ones in negative samples with robust sample weights smoothing mechanism so as to avoid over-learning. Finally, the prediction of miRNA target integrated classifier is achieved with the combination of multiple weak classifiers through the voting mechanism. The experiment revealed that the SVM-IUSW, compared with other algorithms on unbalanced dataset collection, could not only improve the accuracy of positive targets and the overall effect of classification, but also enhance the generalization ability of miRNA target classifier.
Objective To explore the differential expressions of seven microRNAs between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and adjacent nontumorous tissues (NT), analyze the correlations between differential expressing microRNAs and the levels of tumor markers in serum, and furnish evidence for novel diagnostic and prognostic tool of HCC. Methods Real-time quantitative PCR technique was used to measure the differential expressions of seven microRNAs in HCC tissues compared with NT. Results Compared with NT, the relative expressions of seven microRNAs in HCC tissues manifested statistical difference (Plt;0.05). MiR-34c, miR-21, miR-16, and miR-10b presented higher expressions in the HCC samples than those in the NT samples, while miR-200a, miR-148b, and miR-Let-7i demonstrated lower expressions in the HCC samples than those in the NT samples. In addition, miR-200a and miR-148b were markedly down-regulated in the HCC tissues than those in the NT. The differential expressions of miR-200a in HCC compared with NT samples was correlated with serum AFP level of the patients (r=0.848 9, Plt;0.01), while the differential expressions of the other six microRNAs had no correlation with the levels of tumor markers in serum (Pgt;0.05). Conclusions There are differential expressions of microRNAs between HCC and NT. MiR-200a may serve as a novel diagnostic and prognostic tool of HCC.
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and mechanism of miR-1470 in plasma of diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients.MethodsThirty patients with DR (DR group), 30 patients with diabetes (DM group) and 30 normal healthy subjects (normal group) were enrolled in the study. Three groups of subjects were taken 5 ml of venous blood, and total plasma RNA was extracted and purified. The differentially expressed miRNAs in the plasma of DR patients were screened by gene chip, and the results of gene chip detection were verified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Bioinformatics was used to predict potential target genes for miRNA regulation, and miR-1470 and its target gene epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were screened. Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hREC) were divided into normal group (sugar concentration 5.5 mmol/L) and high glucose group (sugar concentration 25.0 mmol/L). hREC was transfected into miR-1470 mimics to establish a miR-1470 high expression cell model, which was divided into blank control group, high expression group and negative control group. The expression of miR-1470 was detected by RT-PCR. The expression of EGFR protein was detected by Western blot. The measurement data of the two groups were compared using the independent sample t test. The comparison of the measurement data between the two groups was analyzed by ANOVA. The comparison between the measurement data of the groups was compared by multiple comparisons.ResultsThe results of RT-PCR were consistent with those of the gene chip. The expression of miR-1470 in the plasma of the DR group, the DM group and the normal group was statistically significant (F=63.486, P=0.049). Compared with the DM group and the normal group, the expression of miR-1470 in the DR group was significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (q=111.2, 73.9; P＜0.05). The expression of miR-1470 in hREC in the high glucose group was significantly lower than that in the normal group (t=42.082, P=0.015). The expression of EGFR protein in hREC of high glucose group was significantly higher than that of normal group (t=−39.939, P=0.016). The expression of miR-1470 (F=637.069, P=0.000) and EGFR (F=122.908, P=0.000) protein expression in hREC of blank control group, negative control group and high expression group were statistically significant . Compared with the blank control group and the negative control group, the expression of miR-1470 in hREC of high expression group was significantly increased (q=329.7, 328.8; P＜0.05), and the expression of EGFR protein was significantly decreased (q=242.5, 234.6; P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of miR-1470 and EGFR protein in hREC between the negative control group and the blank control group (q=1.5, 7.9; P＞0.05).ConclusionThe expression of miR-1470 in the plasma of patients with DR is significantly down-regulated, and the increase of EGFR expression may be related to it.
Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. The outcome and management of lung cancer patients could be improved by early diagnosis and prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in signaling pathways regulating a variety of biological processes and play important roles in the development of carcinoma. Moreover, miRNAs can exist in the circulation in a remarkably stable form. All of these suggest miRNAs as new potentially clinical biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer. In this review, we aim to discuss diagnostic and prognostic value and potential clinical utility of miRNAs in serum.
Objective To review the progress, controversy and trend in the regulation and mechanism of the microRNAs (miRNAs) during the osteogenesis. Methods Recent l iterature concerning regulation and mechanism of the miRNAs during the osteogenesis was extensively reviewed, summarized and analyzed. Results Recently miRNAs was a hot topic for osteogenesis. More and more materials showed its important role in ossification, but its definite mechanism was notclear. Conclusion Osteogenesis can be strengthened by miRNAs technology, which has a bright future and may also provide the molecular mechanism. The study on miRNAs of osteogenesis can provide a model to analyze and compare the osteogenetic effects of novel drugs.