This study aims to investigate the effect of substances secreted or metabolized by vascular endothelial cells on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of hepatocellular carcinoma cells under indirect co-culture condition. Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line QGY-7703 was cultured in vitro, and then was co-cultured with conditioned medium of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The morphological changes of QGY-7703 cells were observed by inverted phase contrast microscopy. The migration ability of QGY-7703 cells was analyzed by scratch-wound assays. The effect of conditioned medium on the expression and distribution of EMT related proteins was detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence assays, respectively. The results showed that the QGY-7703 cells gradually changed from polygonal to spindle shape, the migration ability promoted significantly, and both the expression and distribution of EMT related marker changed in a time-dependent manner after co-culturing. The results confirm that vascular endothelial cells can induce EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma cells under indirect co-culture condition.
Objective To analyze the current status of studies related to motherwort——a traditional Chinese herb medicine, and its application in prevention and treatment of diseases. Methods We searched CBM, CNKI, WanFang Data, EMbase and Ovid (MEDLINE) from inception up to August 26th, 2016. Two reviewers independently screened literature. Then the included studies were categorized by publication time, published journals and research topics, and a descriptive analysis was conducted. Results 7 040 studies were included, of which 4 653 were on decoction pieces, 1017 on motherwort patent formula, 648 on herbal medicine and 722 on animal studies. A “triple-stage” increasing tendency was found in numbers of published studies. The top twelve journals publishing papers about motherwort were all Chinese journals. The top three high-frequently used prescription forms were electuary/granule, injection, and capsule. 263 papers about Chinese patent medicine mentioned motherwort injection, in which 48 were fundamental studies that reported the effects such as promoting uterus contraction, reducing whole-blood viscosity, improving myocardial ischemia, reperfusion injury and lymphatic microcirculation and 211 were clinical studies about the effectiveness and safety of motherwort injection on postpartum hemorrhage, post-abortion hemorrhage, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, heart failure and myocardial ischemia. Conclusion Studies on motherwort patent formula are fewer than that on decoction. Electuary/granule and injection are ascendant formulation of motherwort in clinical practice. The common indication of motherwort injection is postpartum hemorrhage. Motherwort injection was found to have multiple pharmacological effects but the levels and quality of evidence are low. More high-quality studies are required to provide strong evidence for clinical application of motherwort injection in future.
The article aims to explore the optimal concentration of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on HepG2 of liver cancer cells, and the effect of As2O3 on the migration, invasion and apoptosis of HepG2 cells. In this study, the activity of HepG2 cells treated with 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 μmol/L As2O3 was tested by CCK-8 method, the semi-inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated, and the morphological changes of HepG2 cells were observed after the action of As2O3 at IC50 concentration for 12, 24, 48 h. The effect of As2O3 on cell migration and invasion ability was verified by wound healing experiment and Transwell invasion experiment. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect the effects of As2O3 on the gene and protein expression levels related to cell migration, invasion and apoptosis. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the activity of HepG2 cells decreased with the increase of the concentration of As2O3 treatment, showing a dose-dependent effect, and its IC50 was 7.3 μmol/L. After 24 hours’ treatment with 8 μmol/L As2O3, HepG2 cells underwent significant apoptosis, and its migration and invasion abilities were significantly reduced. In addition, the protein expression levels of RhoA, Cdc42, Rac1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were down-regulated, the protein and mRNA expression levels of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 were significantly down-regulated, and the protein and mRNA expression levels of pro-apoptotic genes Bax and Caspase-3 were significantly up-regulated. The above results indicate that certain concentration of As2O3 can inhibit the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and promote the apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
Objective To investigate drug usage and costs of angina inpatients in Karamay Central Hospital in 2014 and to provide evidence and reference for evidence-based pharmacy study of single disease in circulation system. Methods The information of drug use and expenditure of angina inpatients were collected from the hospital information system (HIS). We analyzed the data including frequency, proportion and cumulative proportion by Excel 2007 software. Results We included 351 angina inpatients in Karamay Central Hospital in 2014 whose average age was 69.44±10.65 years old. Fifty-one kinds of drugs were used for angina therapy. The expenditure of drugs was 122.46 yuan per person. The symptomatic treatment drugs included 11 kinds of drugs. The top 3 usage drugs were isosorbide denigrates, aspirin, nitroglycerin. The secondary prevention medicines included 35 kinds of drugs, and were prescribed for 1 953 times; the anti-hypertensive drugs were most prescribed. The Chinese patent medicine were prescribed for 69 times. The compound Danshen dripping pill was the most prescribed drug. In total expenditure, the cost of clopidogrel, atorvastatin, irofiban ranked top three. Rivaroxaban, tirofiban, low molecular weight heparin were the top 3 drugs for per-time expenditure. Conclusion The top 3 used drugs are isosorbide denigrates, aspirin, nitroglycerin for angina inpatients in Karamay Central Hospital in 2014, while the top 3 total expenditure drugs are clopidogrel, atorvastatin and irofiban.
Objective To investigate drug usage and costs of children inpatients with bronchopneumonia in Karamay Central Hospital in 2014 and to provide baseline for evidence-based pharmacy study of single disease in respiratory system. Methods The information of drug use and expenditure of children inpatients with bronchopneumonia were collected from the hospital information system (HIS). We analyzed the data including frequency, proportion and cumulative proportion by Excel 2007 software. Results A total of 890 children inpatients were included, the average age was 1.00±2.17 years old. Among the antibiotics of single therapy, the frequency of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium for injection was highest. Among the antibiotics of combination therapy, the frequency of macrolides was highest. Conclusion The mainly drugs for treatment of children inpatients with bronchopneumonia in Karamay Central Hospital in 2014 is amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium for injection.
Objective To investigate drug usage and costs of pneumonia inpatients in Karamay Central Hospital in 2014 and to provide baseline for evidence-based pharmacy study of single disease in respiratory system. Methods The information of drug use and expenditure of pneumonia inpatients were collected from the hospital information system (HIS). We analyzed the data including frequency, proportion and cumulative proportion by Excel 2007 software. Results A total of 309 inpatients were included, among the 78.96% were more than 60 years old. Among the antibiotics single therapy, the frequency of cefoperazone and sulbactam was the highest. Among the antibiotics combination therapy, the frequency of β-lactam antibiotics was the highest. Conclusion Pneumonia inpatients in Karamay Central Hospital are mainly older patients. The β-lactam antibiotics is used most in clinical practice.
Objective To investigate drug usage and costs of ischemic stroke inpatients in Karamay Central Hospital in 2014 and to provide evidence and reference for evidence-based pharmacy study of single disease in circulation system. Methods The information of drug use and expenditure of ischemic stroke inpatients were collected from the hspital information system (HIS). We analyzed the data including frequency, proportion and cumulative proportion by Excel 2007 software. Results We included 522 ischemic stroke inpatients in Karamay Central Hospital in 2014, the average age was 67.58±13.27 years old. Forty three kinds of drugs were used for ischemic stroke therapy. The total expenditure of drugs was 10.94 million and 1 807.99 yuan per person. The most used drugs were for symptomatic treatment which included 18 kinds of drugs. The using frequency of aspirin, edaravone, oxircetan were the highest. The secondary prevention medicines included 23 kinds of drugs. The anti-hypertensive, lipid-lowering and hypoglycemic agents were prescribed mostly. Traditional Chinese medicines were prescribed 234 times, and the injection Ligustrazine with glucose was the most used drug. Conclusion The mainly drugs for treatment of ischemia stroke inpatients in Karamay Central Hospital in 2014 are aspirin, edaravone and oxircetan; while the expenditure of clopidogrel and oxiracetam were the highest.
Objective To investigate constitution and costs of inpatients with respiratory disease in the Karamay Central Hospital in 2014 and provide baseline data for further evidence-based study. Methods The information of drug use and expenditure of respiratory diseases were collected from the Hospital Information System (HIS). We analyzed the data by Microsoft Excel 2007 software, including the frequency, proportion and cumulative proportion. Results ① A total of 3 306 inpatients with respiratory disease were included, the top three diseases were bronchopneumonia, pneumonia and pulmonary infection, respectively. ② The Han-other people ratio in inpatients with respiratory diseases higher than average ratio in this city, the top three were bronchial asthma (non-severe) (40.21%), bronchopneumonia (38.14%) and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (36.27%), respectively. ③ The top three hospital stay and costs per capita were pulmonary infection, COPD and bronchial asthma (non-severe), respectively. Conclusion Bronchopneumonia, pulmonary infection, bronchial asthma and COPD are selected as the priority for evidence-based study.
Objective To investigate constitution and costs of inpatients with circulation system diseases in Karamay Central Hospital in 2014 and provide baseline data for further evidence-based pharmacy studies of circulation system single disease. Methods The information of drug use and expenditure of circulation system diseases were collected from the hospital information system (HIS). We analyzed the data of frequency, constituent ratio and cumulative frequency by using Excel 2007 software. Results A total of 2 898 inpatients with circulation system diseases were included. The top three diseases were cerebral infarction, angina and hypertension. The cerebral infarction and coronary heart disease accounted for the largest proportion in the cost. The top one disease of total hospitalization cost, drug expense per capita and inspection cost per capita was cerebral infraction. Conclusion Based on the above results, cerebral infraction and angina were selected as the evidence-based pharmacy study goal of single disease.
Objective To investigate drug usage and costs of inpatients with asthma in Karamay Central Hospital in 2014 and to provide baseline for evidence-based pharmacy study of single disease in respiratory system. Methods The information of drug use and expenditure of asthma inpatients were collected from the hospital information system (HIS). We analyzed the data including frequency, proportion and cumulative proportion by Excel 2007 software. Results A total of 150 asthma inpatients were included, the average age was 56.25±18.83 years old. Three kinds of the most commonly used drugs were corticosteroids, antibiotics and antiasthmatic drugs. Budesonide suspension for inhalation, moxifloxacin needle, doxofylline needle accounted for 32.84%, 31.11% and 45.31% in these three categories of drugs, respectively. Conclusion The mainly drugs for treatment of asthma inpatients in Karamay Central Hospital in 2014 are corticosteroids, antibiotics and antiasthmatic drugs. The frequency of systemic corticosteroids is too high, and the frequency of antimicrobial use is irrational, which needs further specification.