Objective To review research progress of adipose tissuederived stromal cells (ADSCs).Methods The recent articles on ADSCs were extensively reviewed, and the culture and differentiation ability of ADSCs were investigated.Results A population of stem cells could be isolated from adult adipose tissue, they were processed to obtain a fibroblast-like population of cells and could be maintained in vitro for extended periods with stable population doubling. The majority of the isolated cells were mesenchymal origin, with a few pericytes,endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. ADSCs could be induced to differentiate intomultiple mesenchymal cell types, including osteogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic and adipogenic cells, they could also differentiate into nerve cells.Conclusion ADSCs can substitute mesenchymal stem cells and become an alternative stem cells source for tissue engineering.
【Abstract】Objective Stromal cell-derived factor-1(SDF-1, CXCL12) is a member of the CXC subfamily of chemokines which, through its cognate receptor (CXCR4), plays an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. This study analyzed quantitatively the expression of SDF-1 and its relation with clinicopathologic feature and clinical outcome in human breast cancer.Methods Expression of SDF-1 mRNA in 8 breast cancer cell lines, an endothelial cell line HECV and a fibroblast cell MRC5 was studied by using RT-PCR. In addition, the expression of SDF-1 was investigated at both protein (immunohistochemistry) and mRNA(real-time PCR) levels in a group of human normal mammary(n=32) and tumour tissues(n=120). Results SDF-1 expression was identified in MRC5, MDA-MB435s, MDA-MB436, MCF7 cell lines, breast tumour and normal tissues. Significantly higher level of SDF-1 was seen in lymph node positive than in lymph node negative tumours (399.00±210.00 vs 0.89±0.47), P=0.048. The level of SDF-1 expression in patients who developed local recurrence or metastasis, or patients who died of breast cancer was higher than in patients who were disease free as well, (670.00±346.00 vs 0.83±0.35), P=0.01. It was most notable that level of SDF-1 was significantly correlated with over survival (P=0.01) and incidence free survival (P=0.035, by Cox proportion analysis).Conclusion SDF-1 is a factor that is expressed in both stromal cells and some breast cancer cells. Its level are correlated with lymph node involvement, prognosis and survival in patients with breast cancer. SDF-1 may therefore have a potential prognostic value in breast cancer.
ObjectiveTo explore the methods of separation， culture， and identification of breast cancer stromal fibroblasts (BCSFs), which could build up a good basis for the further research of function. MethodsBreast cancer tissues were obtained during breast cancer operation， and were cut into pieces with size of 1 mm×1 mm×1 mm under aseptic conditions， then the pieces of the tissues were digested by collagenase Ⅰ and hyaluronidase. Finally the cells separated from the tissues incubated at 37 ℃ with 5% CO2 and 95% air humidified incubator. Morphological characteristics of the fibroblasts were observed under light microscope. The certain proteins were examined by immunohistochemistry （using CK， Vimentin， α-SMA, and TE-7 antibody） and flow cytometric analysis (CD34 and CD45). ResultsThe separated cells begin to attach to the wall of flask within 24 h and reached almost confluency in about 7 d to 10 d . According to identification, the successful rate of separation and culture of BCSFs was 90%（18/20）, and the characteristics of cells showed that morphological characteristics of the fibroblasts was flat spindle， rich cytoplasm, and a flat ovoid cystic nuclear. The fibroblasts in breast cancer tissues showed negative staining for cytokeratin， positive staining for vimentin， alpha-smooth muscle actin, and TE-7， and negative for CD34 and CD45 by flow cytometric analysis. ConclusionsThe fibroblasts in breast cancer tissues could be easily obtained by tissues cuting combined enzyme digestion and rocking technology in vitro. The present study provide an experimental foundation for further studies on fibroblasts in breast cancer.
Objective To introduce types and differentiation potentials of stem cells from adipose tissue, and its applications on regenerative medicine and advantages. Methods The literature of original experimental study and clinical research about bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells was extensively reviewed and analyzed. Results ADSCs can be isolated from stromal vascular fraction. As ADSCs have multi-lineage potentials, such as adipogenesis, osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, angiogenesis, myogenesis, and neurogenesis, they have already been successfully used in regenerative medicine areas. Dramatically, mature fat cells can be dedifferentiated and changed into fibroblast-like cells, named DFAT cells, via ceiling culture method. DFAT cells also had the same multi-lineage potentials as ADSCs, differentiating into adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes, endothelial cells, muscle cells, and nerve cells. Compared with BMSCs which are commonly used as adult stem cells, ADSCs and DFAT cells have extensive sources and can be easily acquired. While compared with ADSCs, DFAT cells have good homogeneity and b proliferation capacity. Conclusion As a potential source of stem cells, adipose tissue will provide a new promising for regenerative medicine.
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the level of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), internal carotid artery stiffness index, and non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) with macular edema (ME). MethodsA retrospective study. A total of 202 patients with NAION diagnosed by ophthalmic examination in Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University from January 2023 to January 2025 were included in the study. Based on the presence or absence of ME, the patients were divided into the NAION+ME group and the NAION group, with 94 and 108 cases respectively. A prediction model was constructed based on the influencing factors. To comprehensively evaluate the predictive value of SDF-1 level and carotid artery stiffness index for NAION with ME, a multidimensional analytical approach was employed. The diagnostic performance of individual and combined markers was assessed by constructing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calculating the area under the curve (AUC). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine their independent predictive value. Stratified subgroup analyses were conducted to explore predictive differences across various populations. Cox proportional hazards regression models were established to evaluate long-term predictive value. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was applied to reveal potential nonlinear dose-response relationships. Mediation effect models were constructed to analyze the mediating role of carotid artery stiffness index in the association between SDF-1 level and NAION with ME. ResultsIn the NAION+ME group, systolic blood pressure (t=6.066), body mass index (t=2.804), disease duration (t=2.552), intraocular pressure (t=2.574), high-density lipoprotein (t=2.729), fasting blood glucose (t=2.022), glycosylated hemoglobin (t=7.235), SDF-1 level (t=14.319), and internal carotid artery stiffness index (t=2.633) were higher than those in the NAION group, while diastolic blood pressure was lower (P＜0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of SDF-1 level combined with internal carotid artery stiffness index in predicting the risk of adverse prognosis was 0.894 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.803-0.945], with a sensitivity of 87.98% and a specificity of 95.69%. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated significant independent correlations between SDF-1 level (OR=1.682, 95%CI 1.156-1.986), internal carotid artery stiffness index (OR=1.826, 95%CI 1.369-2.648), and the risk of ME in NAION patients (P＜0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that elevated SDF-1 level and internal carotid artery stiffness index were associated with a higher risk of NAION with ME (Pfor trend＜0.05). RCS analysis demonstrated a nonlinear dose-response relationship between the continuous changes in SDF-1 level and internal carotid artery stiffness index and the risk of NAION with ME (P＜0.05). Mediation effect model analysis showed that internal carotid artery stiffness index played a mediating role between SDF-1 level and the risk of NAION with ME. ConclusionsSDF-1 level and internal carotid artery stiffness index are independent risk factors for ME in NAION patients. The combined detection of these two indicators holds significant value in predicting disease progression.
Objective To investigate the expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its clinical significance in blood plasma of patients with breast tumor. Methods The level of SDF-1 protein was examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in blood plasma of 26 patients with breast benign tumor and 52 patients with breast cancer. Results The SDF-1 protein in blood plasma was detected in both breast benign tumor patients and breast cancer ones. The level of SDF-1 protein in patients with breast cancer was higher than that in ones with breast benign tumor, and there was a statistical difference between them （P=0.000）. In patients with breast cancer, the level of SDF-1 protein in axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis positive patients was significantly higher than that in ALN metastasis negative ones （P=0.036）. Conclusion The level of SDF-1 protein in blood plasma may be a specific tumor marker. Its level is correlated with lymph node involvement in breast cancer.
Objective To investigate the feature of c-kit gene mutation in gastrointestinal stromal tumor （GIST） and its correlation with clinicolpathology， molecular targeted therapy，and prognosis. Methods The related literatures about the molecular genetic mechanism of GIST were reviewed. Results The c-kit gene mutation， which is prevalent in GIST， may be the early genomic events， and they are not the independent prognostic factor. However， different molecular subtype as a new indicator to regulate biological behaviors and assess prognosis of GIST is still controversial. Conclusions The study of genotype in GIST has advanced our understanding of pathogenesis， evaluating the prognosis and conducting treatment optimization. However， subsequent work remains to be done.
Objective To investigate the surgical treatment effect for patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the rectum and its clinical characteristics. Methods The medical records of 22 patients who had undergone surgery for GIST of the rectum between March 2003 and February 2010 in this hospital were analyzed. Results There were 14 males and 8 females with a median age of 51 years (range 27－81 years). There were 12 patients without symptoms, 10 patients with clinical symptoms, included: hematochezia 4 cases, difficult defecation 2 cases, shape of defecate change 2 cases, crissum pain 1 case, times of defecate increase 1 case. Course of disease was 2 weeks-18 months with average 6 months. All patients underwent curative resection: in form of abdominoperineal resection in 3 patients, transanal excision in 8 patients, Mason operation in 8 patients, and transanal endoscopic microsurgery in 3 patients. The median tumor size was 3.1 cm (range 0.4－18.5 cm). The diameter of tumor lt;2.0 cm was 11 cases, 2.1-5.0 cm was 8 cases, 5.1-10.0 cm was 2 cases, gt;10.0 cm was 1 case. Twentyone of 22 cases were positive for CD117, 18 cases positive for CD34, 5 cases positive for αsmooth muscle actin (SMA), and 2 cases positive for Desmin. Local recurrence or hepatic metastasis developed in 2 patients with average 26 months of follow-up (range 1 month to 7 years), and who were then treated with imatinib for more than 1 year. Conclusions The primarily treatment of rectal GIST is surgical. Imatinib therapy is effective against local and systemic recurrent GIST of the rectum.
Objective To investigate the influence on matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 3, 9, and 13 levels of human articular cartilage cells after blocking stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF-1)/ chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) signaling pathway withAMD3100 and to define the function mechanism of AMD3100. Methods A total of 144 cartilage blocks from 12 osteoarthritis (OA) patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (OA cartilage group) and 144 normal cartilage blocks (Mankin score of 0 or 1) from 12 patients undergoing traumatic amputation (normal cartilage group). OA cartilage group was further divided into subgroups A1, B1, and C1, and normal cartilage group into subgroups A2, B2, and C2. The cartilage tissues were cultured in DMEM solution containing 100 ng/mL SDF-1 and 1 000 nmol/L AMD3100 in subgroup A, 100 ng/mL SDF-1 and 1 000 nmol/L MAB310 in subgroup B, and 100 ng/mL SDF-1 in subgroup C, respectively. The levels of MMP-3, 9, and 13 were measured by ELISA; the expressions of MMP-3, 9, and 13mRNA were tested by RT-PCR. Results ELISA and RT-PCR results showed that the levels of MMP-3, 9, and 13 and the expressions of MMP-3, 9, and 13 mRNA were significantly lower in subgroup A than in subgroups B and C at the same time points (P lt; 0.05); the levels of MMP-3, 9, and 13 and the expressions of MMP-3, 9, and 13 mRNA were significantly higher in OA cartilage group than in normal cartilage group at the same time points (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion SDF-1 could induce overexpression and release of MMP-3, 9, and 13 in the articular cartilage through the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway; AMD3100 could reduce the mRNA expressions and secretion of MMP-3, 9, and 13 in OA cartilage by blocking the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway; but AMD3100 could not make the secretion of MMP-3, 9, and 13 return to normal levels in OA cartilage.
Objective To investigate the role and relative mechanism of stromal cell derived factorl (SDF-1) secreted by nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) on the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells (VECs). Methods The NPCs were isolated from the degenerated disc specimens after discectomy. NPCs at passage 1 were transfected with lentivirus-mediated SDF-1 over-expression; transfected and untransfected NPCs at passage 2 were cultured in the three-dimensional alvetex® scaffold, then they were co-cultured with HMEC-1 cells. The morphology of NPCs was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the apoptosis of HMEC-1 cells was detected by Annexin V/propidiumiodide staining after 72 hours co-culutre. The proliferation of HMEC-1 cells was detected by cell counting kit 8 at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours in transfected group and untransfected group, respectively. ELISA was used to measure the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression level. The virus transfection efficiency and relative Akt pathway were determined by Western blot. Results The NPCs maintained cell phenotype and secreted much extracellular matrix in three-dimensional-culture by SEM observation. In the co-culutre system, after NPCs were transfected with SDF-1 over-expression lentivirus, the proliferation of HMEC-1 cells was significantly increased, while the apoptosis was decreased obviously. The ELISA results demonstrated that the amount of VEGF was remarkably increased in the culture medium. Furthermore, SDF-1 promoted the up-regulation of phosphorylate Akt expression; after inhibition of Akt expression by GSK690693, the proliferation rate of VECs decreased significantly. Conclusion Over-expression of SDF-1 by NPCs is beneficial for VECs proliferation, which is involved in SDF-1-Akt signalling pathway.