Objective To observe the effect of Twist gene interference on the migration and pAkt protein expression of Rhesus retinal vascular endothelial cell line. Methods The Rhesus retinal vascular endothelial cells (RF/6A) were divided into Twist interference plasmid group, negative control group, and phosphate buffered solution (PBS) group; plasmid vectors were transfected via liposome gene transfection method. Migrated endothelial cells was detected and counted by Transwell chamber assay. Matrigel was used in endothelialcell tube formation; the inhibitory effect of Twist gene interference on endothelial cell tube formation was observed.The effect of Twist gene interference on the expression of pAkt protein in RF/6Acells was measured by Western blot. Results The number of migrated endothelial cells in Twist interference plasmid group was lower than that in the negative control and PBS group (F=23.786，P=0.000).The number of endothelial cell tubes in Twist interference plasmid group was apparently less than that in the negative control and PBS gorup (F=7.159，P=0.014). The expression of pAkt protein in Twist interference plasmid group decreased markedly.Conclusion Twist gene interference can suppress the migration of retinal endothelial cells via inhibiting the expression of pAkt protein.
With nearly four decades of progress in healthcare-associated infection prevention and control in China, the national quality control efforts in this field have been ongoing for the past ten years, advancing rapidly with significant achievements. Over the last decade, the team of infection control professionals involved in quality management and control in China has consistently expanded, accompanied by an enhancement of their skills. Management capabilities have steadily grown, and operational mechanisms have been continuously refined. As public hospitals transition into a new phase of high-quality development, emphasizing refined management models and intrinsic development of medical quality, it becomes crucial to further fortify the foundation and foster innovation in infection control work to ensure quality. This article provides an overview of the establishment and implementation of the National Center for Quality Control of Infection Prevention and Control, examines the current shortcomings and challenges in the field, and collectively explores the positioning and direction of the development of quality control efforts for infection prevention and control in China.
ObjectiveTo analyze the burden of digestive diseases attributed to smoking in China from 1990 to 2019 and forecast its change in the next 10 years. MethodsThe Global Burden of Disease database 2019 was used to analyze the burden of digestive diseases attributed to smoking in China from 1990 to 2019. Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the time variation trend. A time series model was used to predict the burden of digestive diseases attributable to smoking over the next 10 years. ResultsIn 2019, there were 12 900 deaths from digestive diseases attributed to smoking in China, with a DALY of 398 600 years, a crude death rate of 0.91/100 000 and a crude DALY rate of 28.02/100 000. The attributed standardized mortality rate was 0.69 per 100 000, and the standardized DALY rate was 19.79 per 100 000, which was higher than the global level. In 2019, the standardized mortality rate and DALY rate of males were higher than those of females (1.48/ 100 000 vs. 0.11/ 100 000, 38.42/ 100 000 vs. 293/100 000), and the standardized rates of males and females showed a downward trend over time. In 2019, both mortality and DALY rates from digestive diseases attributed to smoking increased with age. ARIMA predicts that over the next 10 years, the burden of disease in the digestive system caused by smoking will decrease significantly. ConclusionFrom 1990 to 2019, the burden of digestive diseases attributed to smoking showed a decreasing trend in China, and the problem of disease burden is more serious in men and the elderly population. A series of effective measures should be taken to reduce the smoking rate in key groups. The burden of digestive diseases caused by smoking will be significantly reduced in the next 10 years.
Radiofrequency ablation for hepatic hemangioma is safe and effective, and can obtain the same curative effect as traditional surgical resection. For hepatic hemangiomas with large volume, abundant arterial blood supply and long ablation time, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) often occurs after radiofrequency ablation, which can lead to injury or dysfunction of important organs. This paper systematically summarizes the mechanism, prevention and treatment of SIRS after radiofrequency ablation of hepatic hemangioma, so as to provide reference for improving the safety of radiofrequency ablation of hepatic hemangioma.
Objective To learn and evaluate the effect of health education of schistosomiasis in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, so as to provide scientific basis for establishing the comprehensive prevention and control model in potential epidemic area of schistosomiasis. Methods Through adopting the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, the questionnaires were distributed to residents selected randomly from the demonstration, inside and outside control areas. The survey data were input with EpiData 3.0 software by two reviewers, and the differences among groups were analyzed by using SPSS 18.0 software to further evaluate the effect of health education of schistosomiasis. Results All the questionnaires distributed to 1 420 residents were retrieved (100%). The results of analysis showed that for the residents in the demonstration area, the average score of being aware of schistosomiasis prevention was (7.51±2.89), which was markedly higher than those in the inside (2.52±2.97) and the outside (3.13±3.51) control areas, with significant differences (Plt;0.05); and the passing rates were 78.15%, which was also obviously higher than those in the inside (17.26%) and the outside control areas (32.16%), with significant differences (Plt;0.05). Conclusion The health education of schistosomiasis can improve residents’ knowledge about schistosomiasis prevention, and it is very important to prevent and control the potential prevalence of schistosomiasis in the Three Gorges Area.
Objective To investiget the necessity of carrying out the education of Tobacco Hazards and Prevention and Control in Chinese universities, and explore the teaching mode of Tobacco Hazards and Prevention and Control suitable for college students, so as to improve the teaching quality and the awareness level of Chinese college students on tobacco hazards. Methods A public elective course on Tobacco Hazards and Prevention and Control was set up in Sichuan University with the teaching mode of scientific popularization education, combining theory and practice. The 43 college students who had completed the public elective course on Tobacco Hazards and Prevention and Control in the autumn semester of 2022 were retrospectively included as the research group (the elective group), and 43 college students who did not take this course in the same period were included as the control group (the non-elective group) by the method of quota sampling. Questionnaire survey was adopted to investigate the basic information, personal and family smoking situation of the two groups of students, evaluate the purpose of taking this course, satisfaction with the course, and mastery of knowledge related to tobacco epidemiology of the students who had completed the course, and compare the awareness of tobacco hazards and the attitude toward tobacco prevention and control between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in age, gender, education level, place of student source, personal smoking situation, family smoking situation, or secondhand smoking exposure between the two groups (P>0.05). In the elective group, 58.1% of the students chose the course due to their personal interests, and 74.4% of the students were very satisfied with the course. The awareness rates of smoking causing myocardial infarction (97.7% vs. 72.1%) and stroke (97.7% vs. 81.4%), secondhand smoking causing heart disease in adults (97.7% vs. 76.7%), and “low tar not equaling to low hazard” (86.0% vs. 37.2%) in the elective group were significantly higher than those in the non-elective group (P<0.05). The rates of awareness of E-cigarettes being harmful to health and supportive attitude toward smoking being forbidden in public places were high in both groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Carrying out the public elective course on Tobacco Hazards and Prevention and Control in comprehensive universities with the teaching mode of popularizing science education and combining theory and practice can improve the theoretical knowledge and awareness level of college students related to tobacco, which is of great significance to improving the tobacco prevention and control awareness of college students.
Retinal neovascularization is a complicated pathophysiological process as a result of imbalance between angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. Correct understanding of the signaling pathways, exploring the critical factors involved in retinal angiogenesis, looking for new strategies by reconstructing the new vessels are helpful for knowing the mechanism of the occurrence and development of reitnal neovascularization, which would be good for preventing and treating retinal neovascularization diseases.
Objective To observe the inhibitory effect of kallikrein-binding protein (KBP) on choroidal neovascularization. Methods Forty Brown Norway rats were randomly divided into the KBP groups and the control group, 20 rats in each group, the right eye as the experimental eye. The rats were photocoagulated by 532 nm laser to induce CNV model. One week after laser photocoagulation, the rats were received FFA examination. At the second day after FFA examination, the rats of KBP group were received an intravitreal injection of KBP 5 mu;l (4 mg/ml KBP). The same volume of deionized water was injected into the rats in the control group. The rats of two groups received FFA examination at one, two and three weeks after injection. The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor and pigment epithelium derived factor were observed using hematoxylin and eosin stain and immunohistochemistry stain. CNV leakage area and the cumulative absorbance of laser spot area were analyzed by Image-Pro plus 6.0 software. Results FFA examination showed that there were CNV and fluorescence leakage at one week after laser photocoagulation; one, two and three weeks after injection, the leakage decreased gradually in KBP group, but increased with time in control group. Compared with control group, the spot area and CNV in KBP group reduced gradually, but CNV was always there in control group. The differences of VEGF (F=1.29) and PEDF (F=6.29) expressions at one week after laser photocoagulation were not statistically significant (P＞0.05). The differences of VEGF and PEDF expressions at one, two and three weeks after injection were statistically significant（VEGF:F=14.16,66.89,24.34; PEDF：F=4.22,62.04,233.05;P＜0.001）.Conclusion Intravitreal injection with KBP can inhibit CNV.
Objective To assess the effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the prevention of colorectal neoplasia. Methods A systematic review of all relevant randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized controlled trials of NSAIDs for prevention of colorectal neoplasms was performed by using The Cochrane Collaboration recommended methods. Results Nine trials were included and assessed. There was sufficient evidence for aspirin to prevent the development of colorectal adenomas compared with placebo in three trials of high quality and large sample size with relative risk (RR) 0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72 to 0.91 and P=0.000 5 . No adequate evidence supported aspirin in the prevention of development of colorectal cancer (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.20, P= 0.79). However, there was no evidence to support sulindac and celecoxib curing or preventing colorectal adenomas or familial adenomatous polyposis (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.03, P= 0.07 and RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.07, P=0.23). No evidence on the dose of NSAIDs was used for prevention of colorectal adenomas at present. No significant difference was seen in the number of adverse events between patients taking NSAIDs and those taking placebo (P=0.9). Conclusions Aspirin may prevent the development of colorectal adenomas and may avoid polypectomy for 1 in every 10 to 18 persons but we don’t know whether aspirin can be substituted for endoscopically removed colorectal polyps. However, the true clinical benefit for prevention of colorectal neoplasia of NSAIDs should be considered.
ObjectiveTo observe the inhibitory effect of intraocular injection of recombinant adeno-associated virus-polypyrimidine tract-binding protein-associated splicing factor (rAAV-PSF) in oxygen induced retinopathy mice model. MethodsEighteen C57BL/6J mice were divided into 3 groups randomly, including normal group, rAAV-PSF injection group, rAAV injection group. Western blot analysis was applied to detect the transfection expression level of PSF. The other 48 C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal group, ischemia-induced retinopathy (OIR) group, rAAV-PSF treated OIR group, rAAV treated OIR group, 12 mice in each group. Placed all mice (excepted the mice in control group) in cages of (75±2)% oxygen concentration environment for 5 days then moved to a normal environment for 5 days to induced the OIR model. At the 12th day the OIR rAAV-PSF treated OIR group was intravitreal injected with 2 μl 5×1013 pfu/ml rAAV-PSF and the rAAV treated OIR group was treated with intravitreal injection of 2 μl 5×1013 pfu/ml rAAV. The mice in OIR group were left intact after moved out of oxygen cages. Five days after injection, the eyeballs were harvested and retinal sections were stained to count the nuclear of retinal endothelium cells. Western blot analysis was applied to detect the protein level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in retina. ResultsThere was a significant difference of the expression PSF between normal group and rAAV-PSF treated group (F=16.05,P=0.001). There was no significant difference of the PSF expression between normal group and rAAV treated group(F=16.05,P=0.890). There was a significant difference of the number of retinal endothelium cells nuclear between normal group and OIR group (F=101.00,P=0.007). There is a significant difference of the number of retinal endothelium cells nuclear between rAAV-PSF treated group and OIR group (F=101.00,P=0v002). There was no significant difference of the number of retinal endothelium cells nuclear between OIR rAAV treated group and OIR group (F=101.00,P=0.550). There was a significant difference of VEGF protein expression between normal group and OIR group (F=13.20,P=0.005), OIR group and rAAV treated OIR group (F=13.20,P=0.001). There was no difference of VEGF protein expression between OIR rAAV treated group and OIR group (F=13.20,P=0.071). ConclusionThe rAAV-PSF vitreous injection can inhibit the expression of VEGF in OIR mice, hence to restrain the proliferation of neovascularization.