Risk factors of silicon oil dependent after pars plana vitrectomy in open globe injuries: Eye Injury Vitrectomy Study_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

Lu Wan ¹ , Feng Kang ² , Wang Qihua ¹ , Wang Bingjie ¹ , Sun Tong ² , Ma Zhizhong ² ,  Hu Yuntao ¹

1. Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102200, China;
2. Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Ophthalmology Center, Beijing 100083, China;

Corresponding author：

Hu Yuntao, Email: ythu203@163.com

Keywords：

Open globe injury; Silicon oil dependence; Ciliary body injury; Choroid injury; Retinal defect

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20250120-00030

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Objective To observe and preliminarily analyze the risk factors related to silicone oil dependence after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in open globe injuries (OGI) . Methods A retrospective clinical study. This study included 211 patients with OGI who received PPV treatment from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2016 in Eye Injury Vitrectomy Study database. Silicone oil dependence was defined as the intraocular pressure ＜10 mm Hg (1 mm Hg= 0.133 kPa) in silicone oil tamponade eye 6 months after PPV. The patient's age, intraocular pressure, type of injury, length of eyeball wound, as well as the presence of ciliary body injury, choroidal injury, and retinal resection and/or defect area were recorded in detail. Logistic multifactorial regression analyzed the correlation between age, eye wound length and ciliary body iinjury, choroidal injury and retinal resection and/or defect severity and silicone oil dependence. Results 211 OGI eyes underwent vitrectomy were included, the mean age of the study population was 32.93 years (range 1-73 years), and the median follow-up period was 20.06 months (range 5.85-90.58 months). Among the 211 eyes, 121 (57.3%, 121/211), 52 (24.6%, 52/211), 23 (10.9%, 23/211) and 15 (7.1%, 15/211) were rupture, perforation, intraocular foreign bodies and penetrating injury, respectively. 98 eyes (46.4%, 98/211) of silicone oil dependence in total, among them, 64 (65.3%, 64/98), 19 (19.4%, 19/98), 9 (9.2%, 9/98) and 6 (6.1%, 6/98) eyes were rupture, perforation, intraocular foreign body and penetrating injury, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that silicone oil dependence was significantly associated with ciliary body injury [odds ratio (OR) = 2.150, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.052-4.393], choroidal injury (OR=3.233, 95%CI 1.454-7.191), and retinal injury (OR=2.731, 95%CI 1.393-5.353). No correlation was found with age (OR= 0.981, 95%CI 0.960-1.002) or ocular wound length (OR=1.716, 95%CI 0.987-2.984) (P＞0.05). Conclusion Silicone oil dependency following PPV in OGIs are associated with ciliary body, choroidal, and retinal injuries, but no association with age or length of the ocular wound.

Citation： Lu Wan, Feng Kang, Wang Qihua, Wang Bingjie, Sun Tong, Ma Zhizhong, Hu Yuntao. Risk factors of silicon oil dependent after pars plana vitrectomy in open globe injuries: Eye Injury Vitrectomy Study. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2025, 41(4): 277-281. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20250120-00030 Copy

1.	Francis JH, Canestraro J, Abramson DH. Re: Magone et al. : Ocular adverse effects of infigratinib, a new fibroblast growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (Ophthalmology. 2021;128: 624-626)[J/OL]. Ophthalmology, 2021, 128(9): e43-e44[2021-06-21]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34167830/. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2021.05.012.
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3.	Feng K, Hu YT, Ma Z. Prognostic indicators for no light perception after open-globe injury: eye injury vitrectomy study[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2011, 152(4): 654-662. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2011.04.004.
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5.	Küçükerdönmez C, Beutel J, Bartz-Schmidt KU, et al. Treatment of chronic ocular hypotony with intraocular application of sodium hyaluronate[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2009, 93(2): 235-239. DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2008.143834.
6.	Cardillo JA, Stout JT, LaBree L, et al. Post-traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy. The epidemiologic profile, onset, risk factors, and visual outcome[J]. Ophthalmology, 1997, 104(7): 1166-1173. DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30167-5.
7.	Rizzo S, Barale PO, Ayello-Scheer S, et al. Hypotony and the Argus Ⅱ retinal prosthesis: causes, prevention and management[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2020, 104(4): 518-523. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314135.
8.	Mura M, Iannetta D, Pellegrini M, et al. Long-term functional and structural outcomes after large chorioretinectomy for ruptured globe following blunt trauma[J]. Int J Retina Vitreous, 2023, 9(1): 52. DOI: 10.1186/s40942-023-00492-7.
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10.	Faude F, Wiedemann P. Vitreoretinal endoscope for the assessment of the peripheral retina and the ciliary body after large retinectomies in severe anterior PVR[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 2004, 25(1): 53-56. DOI: 10.1023/b:inte.0000018550.36179.9e.
11.	Pellegrini M, Roda M, Di Geronimo N, et al. Changing trends of ocular trauma in the time of COVID-19 pandemic[J]. Eye (Lond), 2020, 34(7): 1248-1250. DOI: 10.1038/s41433-020-0933-x.
12.	Chen B, Wang GX, Zhang X, et al. Scleral buckling combined with internal cyclopexy for severe traumatic cyclodialysis cleft in open globe injuries[J]. Int J Ophthalmol, 2019, 12(10): 1649-1653. DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2019.10.20.
13.	Cerio-Ramsden CD, Muñoz-Negrete FJ, Rebolleda G. Post-traumatic cyclodialysis cleft treated with transscleral diode laser[J]. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol, 2009, 84(1): 47-50. DOI: 10.4321/s0365-66912009000100008.
14.	Amini H, Razeghinejad MR. Transscleral diode laser therapy for cyclodialysis cleft induced hypotony[J]. Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2005, 33(4): 348-350. DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2005.01008.x.
15.	Kluś A, Kosatka M, Kozera M, et al. Surgical reconstruction of traumatic ciliary body dialysis: a case report[J]. J Med Case Rep, 2017, 11(1): 22. DOI: 10.1186/s13256-016-1170-6.
16.	Pfister N, Dormegny L, Ballonzoli L, et al. Long-term microvascular remodeling and cystic changes after retinal detachment treated with silicon oil tamponade[J]. Retina, 2023, 43(6): 923-931. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000003755.
17.	Ding C, Zeng J. Clinical study on hypotony following blunt ocular trauma[J]. Int J Ophthalmol, 2012, 5(6): 771-773. DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2012.06.21.
18.	Fine HF, Biscette O, Chang S, et al. Ocular hypotony: a review[J]. Compr Ophthalmol Update, 2007, 8(1): 29-37.
19.	Feng X, Ma Z. Treatment for suprachoroidal silicone oil migration following surgeries for open globe injuries[J]. Can J Ophthalmol, 2013, 48(4): 307-311. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2013.03.005.
20.	Tokuç EÖ, Karabaş VL, Seyyar SA, et al. A novel predictor of persistent ocular hypotony after pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: the initial intraocular pressure difference between the eye with RRD and the fellow eye[J/OL]. Arq Bras Oftalmol, 2024, 88(2): e20230326[2024-09-23]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39319916/. DOI: 10.5935/0004-2749.2023-0326.

1. Francis JH, Canestraro J, Abramson DH. Re: Magone et al. : Ocular adverse effects of infigratinib, a new fibroblast growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (Ophthalmology. 2021;128: 624-626)[J/OL]. Ophthalmology, 2021, 128(9): e43-e44[2021-06-21]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34167830/. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2021.05.012.
2. Feng K, Shen L, Pang X, et al. Case-control study of risk factors for no light perception after open-globe injury: eye injury vitrectomy study[J]. Retina, 2011, 31(10): 1988-1996. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e318213d8c7.
3. Feng K, Hu YT, Ma Z. Prognostic indicators for no light perception after open-globe injury: eye injury vitrectomy study[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2011, 152(4): 654-662. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2011.04.004.
4. Feng K, Wang CG, Hu YT, et al. Clinical features and prognosis of eyeball rupture: eye injury vitrectomy study[J]. Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2015, 43(7): 629-636. DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12534.
5. Küçükerdönmez C, Beutel J, Bartz-Schmidt KU, et al. Treatment of chronic ocular hypotony with intraocular application of sodium hyaluronate[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2009, 93(2): 235-239. DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2008.143834.
6. Cardillo JA, Stout JT, LaBree L, et al. Post-traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy. The epidemiologic profile, onset, risk factors, and visual outcome[J]. Ophthalmology, 1997, 104(7): 1166-1173. DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30167-5.
7. Rizzo S, Barale PO, Ayello-Scheer S, et al. Hypotony and the Argus Ⅱ retinal prosthesis: causes, prevention and management[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2020, 104(4): 518-523. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314135.
8. Mura M, Iannetta D, Pellegrini M, et al. Long-term functional and structural outcomes after large chorioretinectomy for ruptured globe following blunt trauma[J]. Int J Retina Vitreous, 2023, 9(1): 52. DOI: 10.1186/s40942-023-00492-7.
9. Waters T, Vollmer L, Sowka J. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy as a late complication of blunt ocular trauma[J]. Optometry, 2008, 79(4): 197-202. DOI: 10.1016/j.optm.2007.09.016.
10. Faude F, Wiedemann P. Vitreoretinal endoscope for the assessment of the peripheral retina and the ciliary body after large retinectomies in severe anterior PVR[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 2004, 25(1): 53-56. DOI: 10.1023/b:inte.0000018550.36179.9e.
11. Pellegrini M, Roda M, Di Geronimo N, et al. Changing trends of ocular trauma in the time of COVID-19 pandemic[J]. Eye (Lond), 2020, 34(7): 1248-1250. DOI: 10.1038/s41433-020-0933-x.
12. Chen B, Wang GX, Zhang X, et al. Scleral buckling combined with internal cyclopexy for severe traumatic cyclodialysis cleft in open globe injuries[J]. Int J Ophthalmol, 2019, 12(10): 1649-1653. DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2019.10.20.
13. Cerio-Ramsden CD, Muñoz-Negrete FJ, Rebolleda G. Post-traumatic cyclodialysis cleft treated with transscleral diode laser[J]. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol, 2009, 84(1): 47-50. DOI: 10.4321/s0365-66912009000100008.
14. Amini H, Razeghinejad MR. Transscleral diode laser therapy for cyclodialysis cleft induced hypotony[J]. Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2005, 33(4): 348-350. DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2005.01008.x.
15. Kluś A, Kosatka M, Kozera M, et al. Surgical reconstruction of traumatic ciliary body dialysis: a case report[J]. J Med Case Rep, 2017, 11(1): 22. DOI: 10.1186/s13256-016-1170-6.
16. Pfister N, Dormegny L, Ballonzoli L, et al. Long-term microvascular remodeling and cystic changes after retinal detachment treated with silicon oil tamponade[J]. Retina, 2023, 43(6): 923-931. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000003755.
17. Ding C, Zeng J. Clinical study on hypotony following blunt ocular trauma[J]. Int J Ophthalmol, 2012, 5(6): 771-773. DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2012.06.21.
18. Fine HF, Biscette O, Chang S, et al. Ocular hypotony: a review[J]. Compr Ophthalmol Update, 2007, 8(1): 29-37.
19. Feng X, Ma Z. Treatment for suprachoroidal silicone oil migration following surgeries for open globe injuries[J]. Can J Ophthalmol, 2013, 48(4): 307-311. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2013.03.005.
20. Tokuç EÖ, Karabaş VL, Seyyar SA, et al. A novel predictor of persistent ocular hypotony after pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: the initial intraocular pressure difference between the eye with RRD and the fellow eye[J/OL]. Arq Bras Oftalmol, 2024, 88(2): e20230326[2024-09-23]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39319916/. DOI: 10.5935/0004-2749.2023-0326.

Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Risk factors of silicon oil dependent after pars plana vitrectomy in open globe injuries: Eye Injury Vitrectomy Study

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