【Abstract】Objective To investigate the effects of tension-free herniorrhaphy on endocrine functions of patients with inguinal hernia. MethodsOne hundred and twenty-seven patients were randomly divided into tension-free group(n=65) and conventional group (n=62). The mean ages of tension-free group and conventional group were(51.8±14) year and(48.4±12) year respectively. There were 52 indirect hernias and 13 direct hernias in tension-free group. There were 51 indirect hernias and 11 direct hernias in conventional group. Bassini repair was used in conventional group. Peripheral blood samples were obtained preoperatively and 3 h, 24 h after operation for measuring the levels of cortisol, T3, TSH, insuline, Cpeptide and and glucose. The data were analysed through t test. ResultsThe levels of cortisol, C-peptide and glucose in conventional group were remarkably higher (P6”0.05) while the levels of T3,TSH were notably lower (P＜0.05) than those in tension-free group at 3 h, 24 h postoperatively, the level of insulin in conventional group was significantly higher than that in tension-free group at 24 h postoperatively. ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that tension-free repair imposes less influence on the endocrine functions of patients with inguinal hernia postoperatively than conventional repair does. This might explain pathophysiologically the quick recovery of the patients receiving tension-free herniorrhaphy.
ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of mangiferin on acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats and its mechanism. MethodsNinety Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, 18 rats in each group. SCI was induced by using the Allen's method (60 g/cm) at T9 level in the rats of groups B, C, D, and E; laminectomy was performed at T8-10 in group A. The rats were injected intraperitoneally with saline in groups A and B, and with mangiferin in groups C (10 mg/kg), D (25 mg/kg), and E (50 mg/kg) every day for 30 days. The survival condition of rats was observed after operation; at 24, 48, and 72 hours after operation, the motor function of the hind limb was evaluated by the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) scores. The spinal cord edema was assessed by measuring the water content in spinal cord tissues at 72 hours. Meanwhile, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH) were detected by ELISA; nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 were measured via ELISA at the same time. Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 were also detected by ELISA after mangiferin treatment for 30 days. The expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins were detected by Western blot. Pathological changes of the spinal cord was observed by HE staining. And Caspase-3 protein expression was detected by immunohistochemical staining. ResultsAll rats survived to the end of experiment. BBB scores of groups B, C, D, and E were significantly less than that of group A (P < 0.05), and it showed an increase trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). The content of water of groups B, C, D, and E were significantly greater than that of group A (P < 0.05), and it showed a decrease trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). ELISA showed that the activities of MDA, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly greater than that in group A (P < 0.05), and they showed decrease trends from groups B to E (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly less than that in group A (P < 0.05), and they showed increase trends from groups B to E (P < 0.05). Western blot showed that the relative expression of Bax protein in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly greater than that in group A (P < 0.05), and it showed a decrease trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the relative expression of Bcl-2 protein in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly less than that in group A (P < 0.05), and it showed an increase trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). Histological observation showed that the pathological changes in group B were accord with that in SCI, and the degree of necrosis in groups C, D, and E were significantly improved when compared with that in group B, and the effect was better in group E than group D, and group D than group C. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the absorbance (A) value of Caspase-3 in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly greater than that in group A (P < 0.05), and it showed a decrease trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). ConclusionMangiferin has neuroprotective effects on acute SCI in rats by alleviating edema of spinal cord, inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation response, and regulating the Bcl-2 and Bax pathway.
Objective To observe the effects of epidural anaesthesia (EA) and general anaesthesia (GA) on the changes of plasma epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods Thirty patients undergoing elective LC were randomly divided into GA group (n＝15) and EA group (n＝15). The concentrations of plasma NE and E were measured at the following phases: before anaesthesia, before introducing pneumoperitoneum, during pneumoperitoneum, and at the end of operation. Results In EA group, the concentrations of NE weren′t significantly different at each phase, the concentrations of E significantly increased before and during pneumoperitoneum (Ｐ＜0.05) and returned to the baseline at the end of operation (Ｐ＞0.05). In GA group, the concentrations of NE and E didn′t change significantly before pneumoperitoneum, but increased during pneumoperitoneum (Ｐ＜0.05) and E didn′t return to the baseline at the end of operation (Ｐ＜0.05). The E concentrations of EA group was higher than that of GA group before pneumoperitoneum, but the NE concentration of EA group was lower than that of GA group during pneumoperitoneum (Ｐ＜0.05). Conclusion Both groups has significant stress reaction, but the stress reaction of EA group is weaker than that of GA group during LC.
Objective To realize the research progress of regulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress response to inhibit autophagy in tumor cells. Method The literatures about regulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress response to inhibit autophagy in tumor cells were reviewed. Result In the endoplasmic reticulum stress response induced by the release of calcium and accumulation of unfolded proteins, autophagy can be activated by several pathways, and to regulate physiological and pathological processes. Conclusion Further research about the endoplasmic reticulum stress response in tumor cells need to be done to regulate the response factors to inhibit autophagy.
The translation and translation regulation of RNA in eukaryotic cells have a significant impact on cellular gene expression and maintenance of proteomic homeostasis. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects upper and lower motor neurons and leads to muscle weakness and atrophy. More and more studies have found RNA translation abnormalities in ALS. This article provides an overview of RNA translation and regulation in eukaryotic cells under physiological and stress conditions, and explores the relationship between four different ALS-related genes and translation abnormalities, providing new ideas for the treatment of ALS.
ObjectiveTo compile the information overload severity scale in the situation of coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, and evaluate the reliability and validity.MethodsFrom February to March 2020, according to the procedures of literature analysis, semi-structured interview, and expert consultation, an initial scale was formed; and then the online scale was measured, and the scale items were screened based on the measured results of the scale. The reliability was evaluated by Cronbach’s α coefficient, and the validity was tested by exploratory factor analysis.ResultsThere were 8 items in the initial scale. The scale items were screened based on the degree of dispersion, the correlation coefficient with the total score, and the factor-load-related indicators, and finally a 7-item scale was formed. The factor analysis results of the scale showed that one component could be extracted from the scale, and the reliability analysis showed that the total Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.863.ConclusionThe information overload severity scale has good reliability and validity, which can provide strong support for related research after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 and other major public events.
ObjectiveTo investigate whether parecoxib sodium preemptive analgesia reduces inflammatory cytokines and stress hormones production in elderly patients after total hip replacement. MethodSixty patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification Ⅰ-Ⅱ undergoing total hip replacement for femoral neck fracture or aseptic necrosis of the femoral head, aged between 60 and 90 years with a body weight more than 50 kg, were randomly divided into preemptive analgesia group (group P, n=30) and control group (group C, n=30). The patients in group P received parecoxib sodium 40 mg intravenously 30 min before skin incision, and another 20 mg 8 hours after the first administration. All the patients in the two groups received the administration of patient-controlled analgesia sufentanyl. We recorded blood levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), cortisol (COR), adrenaline (AD) and noradrenaline (NAD) 30 min before skin incision, and 1 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours postoperatively. ResultsThe blood levels of IL-6, TNF-α, COR, AD and NAD in group P at 1 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours or 24 hours postoperatively were significantly lower than those in group C (P<0.05). ConclusionsParecoxib sodium preemptive analgesia reduces postoperative inflammatory cytokines and stress hormones production in elderly patients undergoing total hip replacement.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo explore the mechanisms of anabolism intensified by recombination human growth hormone (GH) on the basis of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) during postoperative in gastrointestinal carcinoma patients. MethodsNinety-four gastrointestinal carcinoma patients undergone operation were randomly divided into TPN group and TPN+GH group. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and CRP were detected in the first, third, seventh postoperative day. ResultsThe levels of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and CRP were significantly lower in TPN+GH group than those in the TPN group at the first, third, seventh postoperative day （P＜0.01）. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and CRP were significantly higher at the indicated time of postoperative days than the pre-operative days in the two groups (P＜0.01）. ConclusionBy inhibiting TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and CRP production in gastrointestinal carcinoma patients undergone operation and blocking high catabolism induced by inflammatory cytokines, GH promotes the synthesis of anabolism.
Objective To investigate the effects of hand assistant laporoscopic splenectomy plus pericardial devascularization on systemic stress responses. Methods Forty patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension were selected， 20 cases of which were underwent hand assistant laparoscopic splenectomy plus pericardial devascularization (LAP group)， and the other 20 were underwent open splenectomy plus pericardial devascularization (OP group). The levels of blood glucose （BG）, insulin (Ins), triiodothyronine （T3）, tetraiodothyronine （T4）, corticosteroid （CS） and other related clinical data were measured before operation and on day 1-3 after operation, which were compared between two groups. Results There was no statistical significance between two groups on those levels before operation. On day 1 after operation， BG and CS level in both two groups were higher than those before operation (P＜0.05), but they were recovered on day 2 after operation in LAP group (Pgt;0.05), and on day 3 after operation in OP group (Pgt;0.05). BG and CS level in OP group were markedly higher than those in LAP group on day 2 after operation (P＜0.05). On day 1 after operation， Ins, T3 and T4 level of two groups were lower than those before operation (P＜0.05), but they were recovered on day 2 after operation in LAP group (Pgt;0.05) and on day 3 after operation in OP group (Pgt;0.05). Ins, T3 and T4 level in OP group were lower than those in LAP group on day 2 after operation (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in operation time between two groups (Pgt;0.05). But laparoscopic surgery had more advantages than conventional open surgery such as reducing bleeding quantity in operation, shortening recovery time of bowel and urinary bladder function and the length of stay. Conclusion Compared with laparotomy, the laparoscope not only imposes less impact on physical stress system, but also makes recovery after operation more quickly.
Objective To study the effect and mechanism of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rh-BNP) in alleviating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by regulating mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Methods A total of 128 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with specific pathogen free were selected. The SD rats were divided into groups according to random number table, including, sham operation (Sham) group, I/R group, I/R+rh-BNP group, negative control adenovirus (Ad-NC)+Sham group, Ad-NC+I/R group, Ad-NC+I/R+rh-BNP group, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase adenovirus (Ad-p38MAPK)+I/R group and Ad-p38MAPK+I/R+rh-BNP group, with 16 SD rats in each group. Myocardial I/R injury model was established by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. Before modeling, rh-BNP was injected intraperitoneally or adenovirus was injected into myocardium; 180 minutes after reperfusion, the contents of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) in serum, myocardial infarction size, the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the expression of phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK), phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) and phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) were detected. Results The contents of LDH, CK-MB, myocardial infarction size, the contents of TNF-α, ROS and the expression of p-p38MAPK and p-JNK in I/R group were higher than those in Sham group, p-ERK1/2 expression level was lower than that in Sham group (P<0.05). The contents of LDH, CK-MB, myocardial infarction size, the contents of TNF-α, ROS and the expression of p-p38MAPK in I/R+rh-BNP group were lower than those in I/R group (P<0.05), the expression of p-JNK and p-ERK1/2 had no significant difference compared with I/R group (P>0.05). The contents of LDH, CK-MB, myocardial infarction size, the contents of TNF-α, ROS and the expression of p-p38MAPK in Ad-p38mapk+I/R+rh-BNP group were higher than those in Ad-NC+I/R-rh-BNP group (P<0.05). Conclusion rh-BNP can alleviate myocardial I/R injury, which is related to inhibiting p38MAPK pathway, reducing inflammation response and oxidative stress response.